La Ansiedad en la Interpretación Musical: programa de intervención en un coro

Abstract

La Ansiedad en la Interpretación Musical (AIM) consiste en la aprensión ansiosa vinculada a las expresiones musicales padecida por músicos y cantantes, afectando a sus niveles de bienestar, concentración y calidad interpretativa. El presente estudio consiste en el diseño e implementación de una intervención sobre la AIM de un grupo de coristas aficionados, estudiantes y profesionales. Se empleó método mixto, mediante instrumentos de recogida de datos antes y después del programa. Los resultados señalan que: (a) los comentarios de la evaluación previa reflejan preocupación por la exposición en público y síntomas de AIM; (b) tras la intervención se redujeron significativamente las puntuaciones de ítems de las escalas Vulnerabilidad Psicológica, Pensamientos Específicos y Motor y Fisiológico; (c) se logra una adquisición de técnicas de afrontamiento adaptativas; y (d) el grupo de discusión valora positivamente la experiencia. El programa analizado se propone como una estrategia sencilla y breve para ayudar al control de la AIM.

Design and Evaluation of a Collective Preventive Program for Musical Performance Anxiety (ConfiDance)

“…From a causal perspective, Barlow [32] proposes a triple vulnerability model: biological, general psychological, or specific psychological related to specific stimuli. This model will be adapted to the field of musicians by Kenny [33], who will redefine three more concrete factors: early relationships, individual psychological vulnerability, and personal concerns regarding public performance [4,34]. However, considering the multiplicity of factors influencing the origin of MPA, it must be conceptualized as a multidimensional and transactional phenomenon [35], avoiding where we should not attribute all responsibility solely to the individual and nor overlook the influences of the significant social and educational system components [36][37][38].…”

“…Other physio-behavioral techniques or psychotherapeutic approaches such as focusing on rhythmic breathing, visualization, or systematic desensitization have shown symptomatic improvements in MPA independently [34,40]. However, due to their contextual nature and replication challenges, these intervention strategies have not been fully incorporated into a specific program.…”

“…However, due to their contextual nature and replication challenges, these intervention strategies have not been fully incorporated into a specific program. Consequently, many of them currently lack the necessary scientific validation to assess their effectiveness [34].…”

Current Trends in Music Performance Anxiety Intervention

“…Based on his own research, Barlow [ 23 ] proposes a triple vulnerability model: biological, general psychological, or specific psychological linked to specific stimuli [ 3 , 24 ]. Later, Kenny [ 8 ] readjusts this model to fit the context of musicians and redefines three more specific factors: early relationships, individual psychological vulnerability, and personal concerns regarding a performance [ 3 , 24 ].…”

“…Based on his own research, Barlow [ 23 ] proposes a triple vulnerability model: biological, general psychological, or specific psychological linked to specific stimuli [ 3 , 24 ]. Later, Kenny [ 8 ] readjusts this model to fit the context of musicians and redefines three more specific factors: early relationships, individual psychological vulnerability, and personal concerns regarding a performance [ 3 , 24 ]. For Kenny [ 2 ], MPA is a type of chronic anxiety with acute episodes, the genesis of which can be found in the aforementioned or established biological and psychological individual differences or through specific learning with anxious conditioning.…”