L-selectin mechanochemistry restricts neutrophil priming in vivo

Liu, Zhenghui; Yago, Tadayuki; Zhang, Nan; Panicker, Sumith R.; Wang, Ying; Yao, Longbiao; Mehta-D’souza, Padmaja; Xia, Lijun; Zhu, Cheng; McEver, Rodger P.

doi:10.1038/ncomms15196

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Muon-induced neutrons are an important background for underground experiments searching for rare events such as neutrinoless double beta decays [1,2], direct dark matter interactions [3,2] or neutrino interactions in oscillations experiments [4,2]. Experiments can sufficiently shield against neutrons from the radio-impurities in the rock surrounding the laboratories, because the kinetic energy of these neutrons is usually below 10 MeV and, thus, they are efficiently thermalized by low Z materials such as water or polyethylene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct measurement of neutrons induced in lead by cosmic muons at a shallow underground site

Abt

Empl

et al. 2018

Astroparticle Physics

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Neutron production in lead by cosmic muons has been studied with a Gadolinium doped liquid scintillator detector. The detector was installed next to the Muon-Induced Neutron Indirect Detection EXperiment (MINIDEX), permanently located in the Tübingen shallow underground laboratory where the mean muon energy is approximately 7 GeV. The MINIDEX plastic scintillators were used to tag muons; the neutrons were detected through neutron capture and neutron-induced nuclear recoil signals in the liquid scintillator detector. Results on the rates of observed neutron captures and nuclear recoils are presented and compared to predictions from GEANT4-9.6 and GEANT4-10.3. The predicted rates are significantly too low for both versions of GEANT4. For neutron capture events, the observation exceeds the predictions by factors of 1.65 ± 0.02 (stat.) ± 0.07 (syst.) and 2.58 ± 0.03 (stat.) ± 0.11 (syst.) for GEANT4-9.6 and GEANT4-10.3, respectively. For neutron nuclear recoil events, which require neutron energies above approximately 5 MeV, the factors are even larger, 2.22 ± 0.05 (stat.) ± 0.25 (syst.) and 3.76 ± 0.09 (stat.) ± 0.41 (syst.), respectively. Also presented is the first statistically significant measurement of the spectrum of neutrons induced by cosmic muons in lead between 5 and 40 MeV. It was obtained by unfolding the nuclear recoil spectrum. The observed neutron spectrum is harder than predicted by GEANT4. An investigation of the distribution of the time difference between muon tags and nuclear recoil signals confirms the validity of the unfolding procedure and shows that GEANT4 cannot properly describe the time distribution of nuclear recoil events. In general, the description of the data is worse for GEANT4-10.3 than for GEANT4-9.6.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct measurement of neutrons induced in lead by cosmic muons at a shallow underground site

Abt

Empl

et al. 2018

Astroparticle Physics

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“…Some of these molecules target chemoattractants. For example, Streptococcus pyogenes produces secreted peptidases known as ScpA and ScpC/SpyCEP that degrade C5a and IL-8, respectively [8, 9], and the streptococcal secreted esterase Sse, which inactivates platelet-activating factor [10, 11]. Inhibition of neutrophil recruitment is enhanced in hypervirulent S. pyogenes strains by mutation/deletion in CovRS, a 2-component gene regulatory system that controls the expression of multiple virulence factors, including SpyCEP and SsE [11, 12].…”

Section: Bacterial Strategies To Evade Neutrophil Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophils and Bacterial Immune Evasion

Kobayashi

Małachowa

DeLeo³

2018

J Innate Immun

171

133

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Neutrophils are an important component of the innate immune system and provide a front line of defense against bacterial infection. Although most bacteria are killed readily by neutrophils, some bacterial pathogens have the capacity to circumvent destruction by these host leukocytes. The ability of bacterial pathogens to avoid killing by neutrophils often involves multiple attributes or characteristics, including the production of virulence molecules. These molecules are diverse in composition and function, and collectively have the potential to alter or inhibit neutrophil recruitment, phagocytosis, bactericidal activity, and/or apoptosis. Here, we review the ability of bacteria to target these processes.

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“…5) and peripheral (Fig. 5) neutrophils because they showed significantly elevated CD11b expression, which serves as both an activation marker and bacterial uptake receptor (23, 24), and enhanced shedding of CD62L, a marker for inflammation‐induced neutrophil activation (25). Notably, gastric (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrogation of cathepsin C by Helicobacter pylori impairs neutrophil activation to promote gastric infection

Liu¹,

Teng²,

Cheng³

et al. 2018

FASEB j.

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Cathepsin C (CtsC) functions as a central coordinator for activation of many serine proteases in immune cells. However, CtsC expression in gastric epithelial cells and its role in Helicobacter pylori infection remain unclear. Real‐time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analyses identified that CtsC was decreased in gastric mucosa of H. pylori–infected patients and mice. Isolated gastric epithelial cells and cell lines were stimulated with H. pylori and/or TGF‐β1 showed that down‐regulation of CtsC in gastric epithelial cells largely depended on H. pylori cagA via Src/ERK and Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways, and the effect could be synergistically augmented by TGF‐β1 in an autocrine manner. In human gastric mucosa, CtsC expression was negatively correlated with bacteria colonization; accordingly, provision of exogenous active CtsC overwhelmed H. pylori persistence in gastric mucosa of mice. In the presence of active CtsC, isolated human neutrophils activated via NF‐κB pathway with augmented bactericidal capacity in vitro. We also found that neutrophils activated and cleared bacteria in active CtsC‐injected mice and that there was no bactericidal capacity in mice that were simultaneously neutrophil‐depleted by Ly6G antibody. Our findings identified a mechanism that H. pylori abrogate CtsC to impair neutrophil activation and to ensure persistence in gastric mucosa. Efforts to enable and boost this neutrophil activation pathway by active CtsC may therefore become valuable strategies in treating H. pylori infection.—Liu, Y. G., Teng, Y. S., Cheng, P., Kong, H., Lv, Y. P., Mao, F. Y., Wu, X. L., Hao, C. J., Chen, W., Yang, S. M., Zhang, J. Y., Peng, L. S., Wang, T. T., Han, B., Ma, Q., Zou, Q. M., Zhuang, Y. Abrogation of cathepsin C by Helicobacter pylori impairs neutrophil activation to promote gastric infection. FASEB J. 33, 5018–5033 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

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L-selectin mechanochemistry restricts neutrophil priming in vivo

Cited by 36 publications

References 59 publications

Direct measurement of neutrons induced in lead by cosmic muons at a shallow underground site

Direct measurement of neutrons induced in lead by cosmic muons at a shallow underground site

Neutrophils and Bacterial Immune Evasion

Abrogation of cathepsin C by Helicobacter pylori impairs neutrophil activation to promote gastric infection

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