l-Norepinephrine Myocarditis

Szakacs, Jeno E.; Cannon, Albert

doi:10.1093/ajcp/30.5.425

Cited by 289 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Continuous intravenous infusion of /-norepinephrine in therapeutic doses for one to two weeks 15 or at much higher doses for up to ten hours 16 resulted in focal myocarditis in association with subpericardial hemorrhages in dogs. Similar results were obtained with rabbits and cats.…”

Section: Catecholamines and Myocardial Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Damage and Cardiac Arrhythmias After Intracranial Hemorrhage. A Critical Review

Weidler

1974

Stroke

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence is presented which supports the theory that intracranial hemorrhage may secondarily cause myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmias. Fatal intracranial hemorrhage occasionally is accompanied by ECG changes which are consistent with myocardial infarction; histological examination of the heart revealed a variable amount of myocardial damage. After intracranial hemorrhage in animals, myocardial damage was frequent. Similar myocardial damage was produced in animals by intravenous infusion of norepinephrine or acetylcholine and by electrical stimulation of the stellate ganglia, vagus nerve or mesencephalic reticular formation. Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and various degrees of A-V block were reported in patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage. Similar cardiac arrhythmias were found in animals after intracranial hemorrhage, and with electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve, stellate ganglia or CNS centers. Available data suggest that increased or altered autonomic activity may be the mechanism whereby intracranial hemorrhage produces myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmias. The efficacy of autonomic blockade in preventing myocardial damage, which was secondary to experimental intracranial hemorrhage in animals, was demonstrated. It is suggested that the initiation of therapy with autonomic blocking drugs, as soon as possible after the onset of intracranial hemorrhage in patients, may be useful in preventing myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmias.

show abstract

Section: Catecholamines and Myocardial Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Damage and Cardiac Arrhythmias After Intracranial Hemorrhage. A Critical Review

Weidler

1974

Stroke

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vasoactive drugs may also be associated with myocardial injury in children with meningococcal infection 14 . As demonstrated in Table 1, myocarditis was less common in children treated with vasoactive drugs, though the difference was not statistically significant (31.8% and 66.8%, respectively, in treated and untreated patients; Fisher exact test: p = 0.084).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of myocarditis in cases of fatal meningococcal infection in children: observations on 31 cases studied at autopsy

Garcia

Castelo

Ramos

et al. 1999

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The frequency of myocarditis associated with meningococcal disease in children was reported only in two autopsied series (United States and South Africa). Here we report the frequency of associated myocarditis in 31 children who died of meningoccal infection at Hospital Infantil N.S. da Glória in Vitória, Espirito Santo State, Brazil. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of Neisseria meningitidis. At least three sections of fragments of both atria and ventricles were studied using the Dallas Criteria for the morphologic diagnosis of myocarditis. The mean age was 47.6 ± 39.8 months and the mean survival time after the onset of symptoms was 46.1 ± 26.5h (12-112h). Myocarditis was present in 13 (41.9%) patients, being of minimal severity in 11 cases and of moderate severity in 2 cases. There were no cases with severe diffuse myocarditis. The frequency of myocarditis was not influenced by sex, presence of meningitis, survival time after the onset of symptoms or use of vasoactive drugs. The frequency of myocarditis reported here was intermediate between the values reported in the only two case series published in the literature (57% in the United States and 27% in South Africa). Although our data confirm the high frequency of myocaditis in meningoccal disease, further investigations are necessary to elucidate the contribution of myocarditis to myocardial dysfunction observed in cases of meningococcal infection in children. Key-words: Myocarditis. Meningitis. Meningococcemia.Resumo A freqüência de miocardite associada à infecção meningocócica em crianças foi descrita apenas em duas series de casos autopsiados (Estados Unidos e África do Sul). Nessa comunicação relataremos a freqüência de miocardite em 31 crianças falecidas com doença meningocócica no Hospital Infantil N.S. da Glória em Vitória, E. Santo. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pelo isolamento da Neisseria meningitidis. Três secções ou mais, dos átrios e ventrículos, foram estudadas utilizando os critérios de Dallas para o diagnóstico morfológico de miocardite. A média de idade foi de 47,6 ± 39,8 meses e o tempo médio de sobrevida após o início dos sintomas foi de 46,1 ± 26,5 horas (12-112h). Miocardite foi identificada em 13 (41,9%) casos sendo de intensidade mínima em 11 e de intensidade moderada em dois casos. Nenhum paciente apresentou quadro morfológico de miocardite grave, difusa. A frequência de miocardite não foi influenciada pelo sexo, presença de meningite, tempo de sobrevida após o início dos sintomas ou pelo uso de drogas vasoativas. A freqüência de miocardite aqui apresentada é intermediária entre as únicas duas séries relatadas na literatura (57% nos Estados Unidos e 27% na África do Sul). Embora confirme a alta freqüência de miocardite na doença meningocócica, investigações são necessárias para elucidar a contribuição da miocardite para a disfunção miocárdica observada em casos de infecção meningocócica em crianças. Palavras-chaves: Miocardite. Meningite. Meningococcemia.

show abstract

“…However, during this period there was no obvious change in atrial blood pressure. So, in these cases it is thought that DOPA infusion may cause a shock in hypotensive dogs just as epinephrine causes the so-called epinephrine shock (10,(20)(21)(22). On gross examination, a marked increase in subendocardial hemorrhage in the left ventricle in hypotensive animals was observed after DOPA treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dopa on the Catecholamine Content of Dog Heart After Hemorrhagic Hypotension

Hashimoto

Lydtin

1965

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been noted that there is evidence of myocardial failure following the reinfusion of blood into animals after hemorrhagic hypotension (1-3). Glaviano and Coleman have shown in rabbits that the norepinephrine content of the left ventricle was markedly decreased and its epinephrine content increased after hemorrhagic hypotension. They suggested that myocardial failure after hemorrhagic hypotension could be due to norepinephrine depletion in the heart (4). Gomerz and Hamilton (5, 6) were unable to show cardiac failure immediately after the hypotensive period, but 40 to 120 minutes later the heart showed signs of damage if the blood pressure was kept at a normotensive level. Therefore, it seemed advisable to investigate the successive changes in the catecholamine content of the heart after subjection to hemorrhagic hypotension and also to study the effect of DOPA infusion on the myocardial catecholamine content after hemorrhagic hypotension.It is well known that there is a marked increase in the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the sympathoadrenal system during hemorrhagic hypotension (7-9). This may play an important role in producing vasoconstriction, causing irreversible tissue damage and then deterioration of cardiac efficiency (10, 11). Therefore, it is understandable that adrenergic blocking agents protect animals from the fatal outcome caused by hemorrhagic hypotension.The present experiments were also designed to determine if pretreatment with dibenzyline had an effect on myocardial catecholamine synthesis and/or storage in the heart after hemorrhagic hypotension, and further if this compound protected the tissues from damages in shock. METHODSFifty-two mongrel dogs of both sexes, weighing 13 to 20 kg, were used. They were anesthetized with 5 mg/kg morphine followed by 20 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital. The right femoral artery and vein were canulated for bleeding and retransfusion. Pressures Present address :

show abstract

l-Norepinephrine Myocarditis

Cited by 289 publications

References 0 publications

Myocardial Damage and Cardiac Arrhythmias After Intracranial Hemorrhage. A Critical Review

Myocardial Damage and Cardiac Arrhythmias After Intracranial Hemorrhage. A Critical Review

Frequency of myocarditis in cases of fatal meningococcal infection in children: observations on 31 cases studied at autopsy

Effect of Dopa on the Catecholamine Content of Dog Heart After Hemorrhagic Hypotension

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About