“…The role of deadwood as a habitat for many insects, fungi or lichen species has been recognized for decades (Speight 1989;Bobiec, Gutowski & Audenslayer 2005;M€ uller & B€ utler 2010;Stokland, Siitonen & Fjonsson 2012;Gossner et al 2013;Lachat et al 2013;Seibold et al 2015). More recently, research has focused on tree-biodiversity measures (Winter & M€ oller 2008), particularly for saproxylic beetles Bouget, Larrieu & Brin 2014), and are already integrated into some practical biodiversity assessment tools used by forest managers (Larrieu & Gonin 2008). In addition, conservation of biodiversity in managed forests can be improved by protecting high biodiversity value trees such as trees bearing TreMs and dead trees from harvesting.…”