“…This evidence reinforces the idea of important exchanges of goods, people and skills among IA communities. On the other hand, at the Cailar site, where archaeologists have highlighted the practice of severed heads ( Ciesielski et al., 2014 ; STAR Methods ; Ghezal et al., 2019 ), as at Ullastret and Pech Maho, all the individuals analyzed form a genetically homogeneous group and fall within the genetic diversity observed for southern France. Therefore, no genetic element supports the hypothesis of a distant origin for these individuals, whose heads were probably used as trophies.…”