L'État nord-africain de Tāhert et ses relations avec le Soudan occidental à la fin du VIIIe et au IXe siècle

Impressions de vanneries et technique du martelage sur forme concave: Anthropologie et histoire d'une technique dans la boucle du Niger

“…Cette innovation technique s'insère peut-être dans le contexte de l'expansion de l'empire songhay jusqu'à l'Aïr (Lewicki 1962) et des contacts entretenus entre Gao et les cités orientales telles que Marandet, notamment pour le commerce du cuivre (Insoll 2000;Magnavita et al 2007). Les Songhay sont en effet considérés comme une association entre des populations locales Á composées d'agriculteurs voltaïques (Gur), de pêcheurs do ou sorko et de chasseurs gaw Á et des immigrants Á occidentaux (du Mandé), sahariens et orientaux Á (Dramani-Issifou 1993).…”

Ibadism and law in historical contexts

“…Retreating into the Sahara was a fairly natural thing for the Ibāḍīs, as they had in their heyday largely built their fortune on the trans-Saharan trade and had established trading communities both in desert oases on the trade routes, and across the Sahara in West Africa (Lewicki 1960(Lewicki , 1962(Lewicki , 1964. Some regions were so remote that the escaping Ibāḍīs could even establish their own small states, thus the desert-side region of Fezzan (now the south-western quarter of Libya) was ruled by an Ibāḍī dynasty, the Banū Khāṭṭāb, all the way from 918 until 1176 (Lavers 1979 [Fazzan: Sudanic or Saharan state?…”

The Archaeology of Islamisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comparative Study

“…In the Western Sahel phased conversion models are more applicable. According to the Arabic historical sources, the first Muslim contacts with the Western Sahel were by Kharijite, Ibadi merchants (Lewicki 1962(Lewicki , 1971). These began soon after the establishment of the Imamate of Tahert in Algeria in the late 8 th century, with historical mentions of an envoy being sent from Tahert to the ruler of either Ghana or Gao between c. 823-872 (Lewicki 1971: 119).…”