L’épilepsie myoclonique bénigne réflexe du nourrisson

Reflex Myoclonic Epilepsy of Infancy: Seizures Induced by Tactile Stimulation

“…5,6,9 Although different types of provocative stimuli are reported, including thermal, proprioceptive, visual, and photic triggers in various combination, the acoustic and tactile stimuli seem to be the most provocative. 3,10,[12][13][14][15] As confirmed in our case, photosensitivity is occasionally evident on EEG, but is not a specific feature of this type of epilepsy 6,9 and sometimes does not trigger seizures. Expected or frequently repeated stimuli are not able to provoke seizures.…”

Reflex myoclonic epilepsy in infancy: a critical review

“…RMEI is extremely rare and, to the best of our knowledge, there are at present 80 cases published in the literature (Ricci et al , 1995; Cuvellier et al , 1997; Giovanardi Rossi et al , 1997; Deonna, 1998; Fernández‐Lorente et al , 1999; Zafeiriou et al , 2003; Kurian and King, 2003; Caraballo et al , 2003; Auvin et al , 2006; Darra et al , 2006; Capovilla et al , 2007; Korff et al , 2009; Verrotti et al , 2013; the article of Auvin et al [2006] includes a patient previously described by Cuvellier et al [1997]). In all cases, generalised reflex myoclonic jerks starting in the first two years of life are described.…”

“…In the majority of cases, parents contact a paediatric neurologist because of an abnormal startle response to external stimuli that causes “jumping” of arms and legs. Spontaneous attacks were reported in 26 cases (32.5%), usually appeared months after the reflex attacks, and were facilitated by drowsiness and sleep (Ricci et al , 1995; Cuvellier et al , 1997; Giovanardi Rossi et al , 1997; Caraballo et al , 2003; Darra et al , 2006; Capovilla et al , 2007; Korff et al , 2009; Verrotti et al , 2013).…”

“…In 20 patients, myoclonic jerks were triggered by both tactile and acoustic stimuli. In 3 patients, MS were triggered by proprioceptive stimuli (Ricci et al , 1995; Cuvellier et al , 1997; Deonna, 1998), in 2 patients by thermal stimuli, such as cold water (Ricci et al , 1995; Verrotti et al , 2013), and only one case by a visual stimulus, represented by a flash of light (Deonna, 1998). The threshold for MS is usually related to ambient noise level, the child's attention level (which increases the threshold), and drowsiness (which decreases the threshold).…”

Tap seizures in infancy: A critical review

“…Interictal EEG is usually characterized by normal background activity, even though several studies [6,8,[10][11][12][13] have described the presence of isolated epileptic abnormalities, brief spike and wave, or polyspikes and wave complexes without electromyographic correlation, during wakefulness and, more often, during sleep. Ictal EEG recordings show isolated or recurrent spikes, polyspike and wave, or generalized spike and wave complexes (at a frequency of 3-4 Hz according to some authors [1,7,8,14,15]), which are correlated with the myoclonic jerks.…”