“…7,8 A complete review may be found elsewhere. 5 The typological observations done by the first Egyptologists 9 were not sufficient to define precisely the typical black bronzes, and a rigorous definition was given through physicochemical studies, 5,10,11 which provided scientific criteria to identify definitely the intentionally patinated black bronzes and differentiate them from pieces neither intentionally patinated nor possibly patinated with another recipe: 1,10,12 the patina is a cuprite (Cu 2 O) layer containing Au and/or Ag.…”