“…A crucial issue, is to know what factors determine the development of the social and solidarity economy in African countries? Following the literature (Abebaw and Haile 2013;Carson & Prado, 2016;Chèze et al, 2020;Chiputwa,Spielman, and Qaim 2015;Fischer, Qaim, and Goettingen 2012;Hardin, 1968;Luna, 2020;Tacconi & Aled Williams, 2020;Toucas-Truyen & Doligez, 2021), we assume that the motivations that drive farmers to join a social and solidarity economy organization are not necessarily economic, but institutional, psychosocial (cultural, identity and individualistic behavior of farmers).To test our hypothesis, we use survey data among a sample of farmers and stakeholders in rural areas in north-western Tunisia (Fig. 1).…”