l-Arginine increases AMPK phosphorylation and the oxidation of energy substrates in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and adipocytes

Jobgen, Wenjuan S.; Wu, Guoyao

doi:10.1007/s00726-022-03195-9

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…[8][9][10] Clinical studies have demonstrated that L-Arg may be an effective nutrient supplement for reducing white fat mass because it increases the oxidation of glucose and fatty acids. [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16] The intracellular uptake of L-Arg is through y + , the amino acid transport system. This is limited by the contents of transporters CAT-2B and CAT-1 on the cell membrane.…”

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confidence: 99%

L‐Arginine‐Functionalized Carbon Dots with Enhanced Red Emission and Upregulated Intracellular L‐Arginine Intake for Obesity Inhibition

Wang

et al. 2023

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Obesity is a major global health problem that significantly increases the risk of many other diseases. Herein, a facile method of suppressing lipogenesis and obesity using L‐arginine‐functionalized carbon dots (L‐Arg@CDots) is reported. The prepared CDots with a negative surface charge form stronger bonds than D‐arginine and lysine with L‐Arg in water. The L‐Arg@CDots in the aqueous solution offer a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 23.6% in the red wavelength region. The proposed L‐Arg functionalization strategy not only protects the red emission of the CDots from quenching by water molecules but also enhances the intracellular uptake of L‐Arg to reduce lipogenesis. Injection of L‐Arg@CDots can reduce the body weight increase in ob/ob mice by suppressing their food intake and shrinking the white adipose tissue cells, thereby significantly inhibiting obesity.

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confidence: 99%

L‐Arginine‐Functionalized Carbon Dots with Enhanced Red Emission and Upregulated Intracellular L‐Arginine Intake for Obesity Inhibition

Wang

et al. 2023

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“…mice) with elevated concentrations of branched-chain AAs in plasma. 44 A decrease in NO availability in the cardiovascular system contributes to reductions in blood flow, 19 glucose uptake and oxidation by skeletal muscle, 45 fatty acid oxidation by skeletal muscle and liver, 31,32,46 and whole-body insulin sensitivity. 19,47 Thus, reducing the circulating concentrations of Leu in obese rats through oral administration of α-ketoglutarate, which stimulates Leu transamination and oxidative catabolism in the small intestine, skeletal muscle, and other tissues, can reverse the adverse effects of HF feeding on endothelial NO production and whole-body insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with L-leucine reduces nitric oxide synthesis by endothelial cells of rats

Tekwe,

Luan,

Meininger

et al. 2023

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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This study tested the hypothesis that elevated L-leucine concentrations in plasma reduce nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by endothelial cells (ECs) and affect adiposity in obese rats. Beginning at four weeks of age, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a casein-based low-fat (LF) or high-fat (HF) diet for 15 weeks. Thereafter, rats in the LF and HF groups were assigned randomly into one of two subgroups ( n = 8/subgroup) and received drinking water containing either 1.02% L-alanine (isonitrogenous control) or 1.5% L-leucine for 12 weeks. The energy expenditure of the rats was determined at weeks 0, 6, and 11 of the supplementation period. At the end of the study, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed on all the rats immediately before being euthanized for the collection of tissues. HF feeding reduced ( P < 0.001) NO synthesis in ECs by 21% and whole-body insulin sensitivity by 19% but increased ( P < 0.001) glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (GFAT) activity in ECs by 42%. Oral administration of L-leucine decreased ( P < 0.05) NO synthesis in ECs by 14%, increased ( P < 0.05) GFAT activity in ECs by 35%, and reduced ( P < 0.05) whole-body insulin sensitivity by 14% in rats fed the LF diet but had no effect ( P > 0.05) on these variables in rats fed the HF diet. L-Leucine supplementation did not affect ( P > 0.05) weight gain, tissue masses (including white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle), or antioxidative capacity (indicated by ratios of glutathione/glutathione disulfide) in LF- or HF-fed rats and did not worsen ( P > 0.05) adiposity, whole-body insulin sensitivity, or metabolic profiles in the plasma of obese rats. These results indicate that high concentrations of L-leucine promote glucosamine synthesis and impair NO production by ECs, possibly contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in diet-induced obese rats.

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“…In obese rats, dietary supplementation with arginine beneficially stimulates the expression of genes for mitochondrial biogenesis and, thus, the oxidation of fatty acids in white adipose tissue ( Fu et al, 2005 ). Similarly, partly through activating the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-dependent protein kinase and the production of carbon monoxide, arginine supplementation promotes the oxidation of both fatty acids and glucose in rat skeletal muscle and liver ( McKnight et al, 2010 ; Jobgen et al, 2022a , b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of dietary arginine supplementation to increase placental nutrient transporters in aged mares

Martínez

Leatherwood

Bradbery

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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Nine pregnant mares (18.2 ± 0.7 y; 493.82 ± 12.74 kg BW) were used to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation of L-arginine would enhance placental vascularity and nutrient transport throughout gestation in aged mares. Mares were balanced by age, BW, and stallion pairing, and assigned randomly to dietary treatments of either supplemental L-arginine (50 mg/kg BW; n=7) or L-alanine (100 mg/kg BW; n=6; isonitrogenous control). Mares were individually fed concentrate top-dressed with the respective amino acid treatment plus ad libitum access to Coastal bermudagrass hay. Treatments began on d 14 of gestation and were terminated at parturition. Mare BW, BCS, and rump fat (RF) were determined, and body fat percentage was calculated every 28 d and concentrate adjusted accordingly. Doppler blood flow measurements including resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) for uterine artery ipsilateral to the pregnant uterine horn were obtained beginning on d 21 and continued every 7 d until d 154 of gestation, and prior to parturition. Parturition was attended with foaling variables and placental measures recorded. Placental tissue from the pregnant horn was analyzed histologically to assess cell-specific localization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cationic amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A1) proteins. Semiquantitative analyses were performed using 10 non-overlapping images per sample fixed in a 10X field (Fiji ImageJ v1.2). Mare performance data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS and foaling and placental data were analyzed using PROC GLM. Gestation length at parturition were not influenced (P > 0.05) by supplemental arginine. Compared with arginine-supplemented mares, control mares had a thicker rump fat layer (P < 0.01) and greater percent body fat (P = 0.03), and BCS (P < 0.01) at parturition. Arginine-supplemented mares had a lower RI than control mares prior to parturition (P < 0.01). Body length, height, and BW of foals at birth, as well as placental weight and volume, and immunohistochemical staining for VEGF and SLC7A1 at parturition were not affected (P > 0.05) by maternal arginine supplementation. These results indicate that dietary arginine supplementation (50 mg/kg BW) is safe for gestating mares. A larger number of mares is required to extend knowledge of effects of supplemental arginine on embryonic/fetal survival and growth in mares.

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l-Arginine increases AMPK phosphorylation and the oxidation of energy substrates in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and adipocytes

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

L‐Arginine‐Functionalized Carbon Dots with Enhanced Red Emission and Upregulated Intracellular L‐Arginine Intake for Obesity Inhibition

L‐Arginine‐Functionalized Carbon Dots with Enhanced Red Emission and Upregulated Intracellular L‐Arginine Intake for Obesity Inhibition

Dietary supplementation with L-leucine reduces nitric oxide synthesis by endothelial cells of rats

Evaluation of dietary arginine supplementation to increase placental nutrient transporters in aged mares

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