L’Amérique latine et l’émergence d’un système international de brevets

Abstract

This article examines the role of international dynamics in the early development of Latin American patent regimes during the long nineteenth century. It locates various national systems in their international contexts and delineates their differences from late colonial times until the region's export age. It then investigates the role of Latin American countries in the international and regional patent agreements that emerged in the late nineteenth century. The article advances the hypothesis that patent institutions and multilateral agreements were far from an urgent necessity for Latin American countries and had a limited impact on the technological transformation of this region before 1930.

Technological Prospection and Scientific Innovation of Ilex paraguariensis Saint-Hilaire in the Wound Healing Process

“…Two of them were deposited in 2015 and one in 2018. Regarding patent protection by countries, the markets with the most protection are the United States (95), the European Patent Office (82), France (52), China (51), Germany (50), Japan (50), United Kingdom (49), Republic of Korea (42) and Canada (41) (Figure 2A). The first South American country in the ranking is Brazil, which is in 11th position.…”

“…Vol.67: e24230086, 2024 www.scielo.br/babt Although yerba mate is native to southern Brazil, Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina, there is a more significant number of patents distributed in North America, especially in the USA, which stands out in the world context with 95 patents protected in its territory (Figure 3). In Latin America, this may be related to the impact of the colonial period, where the first patents in the post-colonial period were rudimentary, providing weak legal security, patent rights with little use, little commercial value, and serving foreign interests [42]. Another important fact is that 88.4% of patents involving I. paraguariensis remain valid, and 11.6% of patents lost protection, demonstrating that most inventions were created recently.…”