L’alerte par sirènes : une priorité discutable en France

Douvinet, Johnny

doi:10.3917/ag.731.0005

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We compared the number of natural disasters and the number of risks, both provided by the Ministry of Environment (for 2014), for the equipped and unequipped cities to evaluate the influence of risks or past disasters on the distribution of sirens. The number of natural disasters, registered in the national CatNat database , is a potentially relevant variable because a municipality that has suffered significant damage as a result of a natural phenomenon may request classification of the event as a "natural disaster" in France (Vinet, 2010;Douvinet and Janet, 2017). The number of risks, registered in the DDRM (Dossier Départemental des Risques Majeurs, Major Risk Synthesis) database (available in each prefecture), refers to the idea that a municipality needs to map and to inform the population about risks in the living zone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are sirens effective tools to alert the population in France?

Douvinet

Serra‐Llobet

Bopp

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In France, sirens have been the principal tool designated to alert the population in the case of danger. However, their efficacity has not been objectively tested. Using a geographical information system, questionnaires, and surveys, we analyzed (1) the spatial distribution of the siren network in relation to the covered population, the hazards threatening different areas, and the actual number of disasters that have occurred in the past, (2) the political dilemma of activating sirens, and (3) the population's trust in sirens, as well as its understanding of expected behavior in the case of an emergency. Results show that, with a few exceptions, siren coverage in France is primarily determined by population density, not by the expected hazards or the cumulative number of past disasters. Sirens are also rarely used by the authorities. However, surveyed members of the population identify sirens as the most effective alert system over other alternatives such as cell-phone-based alerting tools. In a “mock” emergency most members of the public did not know how to respond in the case of an emergency, and even most of those who correctly identified the appropriate response prior to the exercise did not react upon later hearing the siren. To improve the effectiveness of the French siren network, we recommend (1) relocating sirens to optimize their efficiency, (2) complementing the sound of sirens with a clear and unified message, (3) reorganizing the competencies to activate siren alerts, and finally (4) improving public education on different alert tools and expected behavior during an emergency.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are sirens effective tools to alert the population in France?

Douvinet

Serra‐Llobet

Bopp

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…From the point of view of the authorities, individuals must be receptive to the signals given in order to apply the instructions. The panic effects of crowds are a challenge to authorities although they are misrepresented in the literature (Weiss, Girandola & Colbeau-Justin 2011, Douvinet 2020. The objectives are achieved when institutions are prepared (through exercises) and citizens are informed of the risks, which is not always the case depending on the territory.…”

Section: Similar Organisational Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

January 2021

2021

AJEM

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The Australian Journal of Emergency Management is Australia's premier journal in emergency management. Its format and content are developed with reference to peak emergency management organisations and the emergency management sectors-nationally and internationally. The journal focuses on both the academic and practitioner reader. Its aim is to strengthen capabilities in the sector by documenting, growing and disseminating an emergency management body of knowledge. The journal strongly supports the role of the Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience as a national centre of excellence for knowledge and skills development in the emergency management sector. Papers are published in all areas of emergency management. The journal encourages empirical reports but may include specialised theoretical, methodological, case study and review papers and opinion pieces. The views in the journal are not necessarily the views of the Australian Government, Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience or its partners.Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are advised that this publication may contain images of deceased people.

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“…Sirens are indispensable warning vectors to alert the population of the arrival of an imminent risk: earthquakes, tsunamis, fires, or terrorist attacks [1]. Triggered in time, civil security sirens remain a centralized, redundant, and efficient vector to warn the population of an imminent threat and of the need to inform oneself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of a method for assessing the audibility of siren-driven alert systems

Siliezar,

Aumond,

Can

et al. 2024

Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023

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The civil security sirens are used by the authorities in a wide range of countries to signal an imminent or ongoing threat. Even if the emitted sound level by the sirens is known, it is nevertheless difficult to evaluate their audibility across a given zone, especially in complex urban environments. An experimental protocol has been deployed around a siren installed in a city in the south of France to assess its audibility perceptually and through modelling. This protocol relies on (1) sound level measurements during source activation, using the NoiseCapture smartphone application, (2) perceptual information survey (siren audibility, perceived sound level, masking by passing vehicles), and (3) sound environment simulation using NoiseModelling. The results of this study validate the use of CNOSSOS-EU model integrated in Noise-Modelling to evaluate the audibility of a warning system located in an urban environment within a radius of 2.8 kilometers around the siren rather than the sole consideration of the distance and even if we are far from its range of validity. Finally, a metric linking audibility to modelled sound level is proposed, enabling the development of siren audibility maps in the study area.

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L’alerte par sirènes : une priorité discutable en France

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Are sirens effective tools to alert the population in France?

Are sirens effective tools to alert the population in France?

January 2021

Proposal of a method for assessing the audibility of siren-driven alert systems

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