Krypton oxides under pressure

Zaleski‐Ejgierd, Patryk; Lata, Pawel M.

doi:10.1038/srep18938

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Krypton oxides do not exist, although they have been predicted to be stable above approximately 300 GPa. 35 Such predictions are in accord with a small electronegativity difference between oxygen and krypton at 1 atm and imply that the electronegativity of oxygen relative to krypton increases under compression. We will report on the explicit effect of pressure on electronegativity in a separate publication.…”

Section: ■ Oxygensupporting

confidence: 59%

Electronegativity Seen as the Ground-State Average Valence Electron Binding Energy

2018

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We introduce a new electronegativity scale for atoms, based consistently on ground-state energies of valence electrons. The scale is closely related to (yet different from) L. C. Allen's, which is based on configuration energies. Using a combination of literature experimental values for ground-state energies and ab initiocalculated energies where experimental data are missing, we are able to provide electronegativities for elements 1−96. The values are slightly smaller than Allen's original scale, but correlate well with Allen's and others. Outliers in agreement with other scales are oxygen and fluorine, now somewhat less electronegative, but in better agreement with their chemistry with the noble gas elements. Group 11 and 12 electronegativities emerge as high, although Au less so than in other scales. Our scale also gives relatively high electronegativities for Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Tc, Cd, Hg (affected by choice of valence state), and Gd. The new electronegativities provide hints for new alloy/compound design, and a framework is in place to analyze those energy changes in reactions in which electronegativity changes may not be controlling.

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Section: ■ Oxygensupporting

confidence: 59%

Electronegativity Seen as the Ground-State Average Valence Electron Binding Energy

2018

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“…In addition, recent theoretical work on solid–gas reactions such as Mg with Xe, Kr and Ar, iron and nickel with xenon, Kr with oxygen, and the possible formation of helium compounds warrants extensive exploratory synthesis efforts. The recent synthesis of a NiAr Laves phase and (Xe,Si)O 2 supports changes of electronegativity at high pressures and the opportunity to synthesize new materials with unusual properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On Earth, better understanding of the processes guiding the evolution of atmospheric nitrogen on Earth, from its presence in a protoplanetary disc 2 to its present-day appearance in deep mantle reservoirs, is needed. 3,4 In addition, recent theoretical work on solid−gas reactions such as Mg with Xe, Kr and Ar, 5 iron and nickel with xenon, 6 Kr with oxygen, 7 and the possible formation of helium compounds 8 warrants extensive exploratory synthesis efforts. The recent synthesis of a NiAr Laves phase 9 and (Xe,Si)O 2 10 supports changes of electronegativity at high pressures 11 and the opportunity to synthesize new materials with unusual properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Free Electron Laser-Induced Synthesis of ε-Iron Nitride at High Pressures

Hwang

Kim

Cynn

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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The ultrafast synthesis of ε-Fe 3 N 1+x in a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) from Fe and N 2 under pressure was observed using serial exposures of an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL). When the sample at 5 GPa was irradiated by a pulse train separated by 443 ns, the estimated sample temperature at the delay time was above 1400 K, confirmed by in situ transformation of αto γ-iron. Ultimately, the Fe and N 2 reacted uniformly throughout the beam path to form Fe 3 N 1.33 , as deduced from its established equation of state (EOS). We thus demonstrate that the activation energy provided by intense X-ray exposures in an XFEL can be coupled with the source time structure to enable exploration of the time-dependence of reactions under high-pressure conditions.

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“…Under high pressure, Xe can also gain electrons from Mg or Li 14,15 . The lighter NG elements such as Kr and Ar can also form compounds under high pressure via electron transfer [16][17][18] . As the radii of the NG elements become smaller, their ionization potential become higher and the electron affinity lower.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic force driven helium insertion into ammonia and water crystals under pressure

et al. 2019

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Helium, ammonia and ice are among the major components of giant gas planets, and predictions of their chemical structures are therefore crucial in predicting planetary dynamics.Here we demonstrate a strong driving force originating from the alternation of the electrostatic interactions for helium to react with crystals of polar molecules such as ammonia and ice. We show that ammonia and helium can form thermodynamically stable compounds above 45 GPa, while ice and helium can form thermodynamically stable compounds above 300 GPa. The changes in the electrostatic interactions provide the driving force for helium insertion under high pressure, but the mechanism is very different to those that occur in ammonia and ice. This work extends the reactivity of helium into new types of compounds and demonstrates the richness of the chemistry of this most stable element in the periodic table.

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Krypton oxides under pressure

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Electronegativity Seen as the Ground-State Average Valence Electron Binding Energy

Electronegativity Seen as the Ground-State Average Valence Electron Binding Energy

X-ray Free Electron Laser-Induced Synthesis of ε-Iron Nitride at High Pressures

Electrostatic force driven helium insertion into ammonia and water crystals under pressure

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