Kriging: a method of interpolation for geographical information systems

Oliver, M. A.; Webster, R.

doi:10.1080/02693799008941549

Cited by 1,610 publications

(867 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Kriging is a spatial interpolation method that predicts unknown values from data observed at known locations. This method uses variogram to express the spatial variation, and it minimizes the error of predicted values, 32 which are estimated by spatial distribution of the predicted values. As a virtually unbiased method in a interpolation situation, Kriging model has several advantages over other interpolation and smoothing methods, and has been used to create maps of geographic genetic clines in human population genetics and biological anthropology.…”

Section: Samples and Their Spatial Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide spatial genetic structure of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the thrifty genotype hypothesis

Sun

Jin

et al. 2011

Eur J Hum Genet

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As JV Neel put forward the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis, many researches tend to support this hypothesis involved in the regulation of energy balance. However, the phrase could equally well encapsulate broader traits and the forms of thrift should be multiple. In particular, genes involved in the regulation of water and sodium balance may also be excellent candidates as thrifty genes. In the present study, we selected the ancestral D allele of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, a key gene involved in water and sodium balance regulation, as a candidate to confirm the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis in the framework of evolutionary ecology. On the basis of our compiled worldwide spatial genetics database of I/D frequency of ACE gene and spatial climate database, using techniques of spatial statistics, we found (1) an obvious decreasing geographic genetic cline following the route of out-of-Africa expansion from East Africa, (2) a positive association between D allele and synthetic temperature factor, (3) and a negative relationship between D allele and synthetic humidity factor that covered most regions of the world, and obvious spatial dependence between D allele and these two climate factors followed the route of out-of-Africa expansion from Africa. This suggested that D allele of ACE gene is not only plastic in response to its environmental circumstance but also presents a striking geographic distribution showing the evidence of 'signatures of selection' by climate factors. Thus, it can be identified as a thrifty allele and could provide a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis.

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Section: Samples and Their Spatial Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide spatial genetic structure of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the thrifty genotype hypothesis

Sun

Jin

et al. 2011

Eur J Hum Genet

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“…Only profiles with data coverage both in the upper 10m and depths below are used. Depths of ML and IL are calculated from individual profiles and then interpolated onto a regular gird of 1 latitude Â 1 longitude for each month using the Kriging algorithm [Oliver and Webster, 1990]. Following Bosc et al [2009], the IL depth is defined as the depth where temperature is 0.2 C lower than that at the 10 m depth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Argo profiles variability of barrier layer in the tropical Indian Ocean and its relationship with the Indian Ocean Dipole

Qiu¹,

Cai²,

Li³

et al. 2012

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Interannual variability of the barrier layer (BL) in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) is examined using temperature and salinity profiles derived from Argo floats since 2004. We show that a quasi-permanent BL exists off Sumatra with a semi-annual cycle and a maximum in November. Further, interannual variability of the BL is closely related to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) with the IOD leading the BL by one month. During the 2006 positive IOD (pIOD) season, equatorial easterly-induced upwelling Kelvin waves raise the isothermal layer (IL) off Sumatra; a salinity-stratified mixed layer (ML) shoals due to a reduced eastward salty water transport by a weaker Wyrtki Jet, despite an offset by a reduced freshwater flux. Consequently, thinning of the BL is dominated by thinning of the IL. During the 2010 negative IOD (nIOD), similar processes operate but in an opposite direction. As thinning of the BL during a pIOD enhances the thermocline-ML coupling, our results reveal that an IOD-induced co-varying BL in turn enhances the IOD positive feedbacks. Citation: Qiu, Y., W. Cai, L. Li, and X. Guo (2012), Argo profiles variability of barrier layer in the tropical Indian Ocean and its relationship with the Indian Ocean Dipole, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L08605,

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“…The idea for using geological modelling software was to reckon the soil horizons as geological layers, so that the horizons with various depths could be modelled. Interpolating soil and parent material surfaces among the measured points the spatial variation of solum depth was also established with JewelSuite 2013, using the Kriging method mentioned above (Oliver and Webster, 1990). ESRI ArcMap 10.1 and ArcScene 10.1 were used to create soil depth map, and to visualize the soil groups formed on the basis of the reflectance spectra and chemical analyses.…”

Section: Gis Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistribution of Soil Organic Carbon Triggered by Erosion at Field Scale Under Subhumid Climate, Hungary

et al. 2016

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) has primary importance in terms of soil physics, fertility and even of climate change control. An intensively cultivated Cambisol was studied in order to quantify SOC redistribution under subhumid climate. One hundred soil samples were taken from the representative points of the solum along the slopes from the depth of 20-300 cm with a mean 1.2 % SOC content. They were measured by the simultaneous application of diffuse reflectance (240-1900 nm) and traditional physico-chemical methods in order to compare the results. On the basis of the results hierarchical cluster analyses were performed. The spatial pattern of the groups created were similar, and even though the classifications were not the same, diffuse reflectance has proven to be a suitable method for soil/sediment classification even within a given arable field. Both organic and inorganic carbon distribution was found a proper tool for estimations of past soil erosion process. Results show SOC enrichment on two sedimentary spots with different geomorphological positions. Soil organic matter compound also differs between the two spots due to selective deposition of the delivered organic matter. The components of low molecular weight reach the bottom of the slope and there can leach into the profile, while the more polymerised organic matter compounds are delivered and deposited even before, on a higher segment of the slope in an aggregated form. This spatial difference appears below the uppermost tilled soil layer as well; referring the lower efficiency of conventional ploughing tillage in spatial soil homogenisation.

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Kriging: a method of interpolation for geographical information systems

Cited by 1,610 publications

References 38 publications

Worldwide spatial genetic structure of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the thrifty genotype hypothesis

Worldwide spatial genetic structure of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the thrifty genotype hypothesis

Argo profiles variability of barrier layer in the tropical Indian Ocean and its relationship with the Indian Ocean Dipole

Redistribution of Soil Organic Carbon Triggered by Erosion at Field Scale Under Subhumid Climate, Hungary

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