Krasilnikoviella muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Promicromonosporaceae, isolated from the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus stone chamber interior and reclassification of Promicromonospora flava as Krasilnikoviella flava comb. nov.

Abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic actinomycete, designated strain T6220-5-2bT, was isolated from a sample taken from a mouldy spot on the surface of a mural painting (the white tiger, Byakko) inside the stone chamber of Takamatsuzuka Tumulus in Asuka village, Nara Prefecture, Japan. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the isolate, it was closely related to the genus Promicromonospora, but formed of a novel lineage within the family Promicromonosporaceae. The closest related species to strain T6220-5-2bT was Promicromonospora flava, with which it shared 99.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The isoprenoid quinone systems were menaquinones MK-9(H2), MK-9(H0) and MK-9(H4). The predominant cellular fatty acids for the isolate were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The peptidoglycan contained glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine and lysine, with the last named being the diagnostic diamino acid. The cell-wall acyl type was acetyl. The major polar lipids of the isolate were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositolmannoside, two unknown phospholipids and an unknown phosphoglycolipid. Whole-cell sugars of the isolate were galactose, glucose and ribose. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 75.2 mol%. Based on the results of phylogenetic, physiological and biochemical analyses and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, the isolate was considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Promicromonosporaceae, for which the name Krasilnikoviella muralis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Krasilnikoviella muralis is T6220-5-2bT (=JCM 28789T=NCIMB 15040T). The reclassification of Promicromonospora flava as Krasilnikoviella flava comb. nov. is also proposed with the emended description of this species.

Polyphasic insights into the microbiomes of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus and Kitora Tumulus

“…Based on the sequence data, molecular phylogenetic analyses were made using the standard method. Representative studies that used our methods include Kiyuna et al (2008Kiyuna et al ( , 2011Kiyuna et al ( , 2012Kiyuna et al ( , 2015Kiyuna et al ( , 2017 and An et al (2009) for the major/noteworthy fungal colonizers, Nagatsuka et al (2009Nagatsuka et al ( , 2016Nagatsuka et al ( , 2017 for yeast and yeast-like colonizers, and Tazato et al (2012Tazato et al ( , 2015, Nishijima et al (2013Nishijima et al ( , 2017aNishijima et al ( , 2017b, and Handa et al (2016Handa et al ( , 2017, for the major/noteworthy bacterial colonizers. These original papers have revealed the identities of the TT and KT microbial isolates in question, proposing one novel genus, seventeen novel species, and six novel combinations in total, as listed in Supplementary Materials of this review.…”

“…These actions contribute to the progress of science. The majority of our 730 TT and KT microbial isolates (molds, yeasts, and bacteria) (Anonymous, 2016; cf., <http://www.riken.jp/en/pr/ topics/2016/20160719_1>) in addition to our previous depositions closely related to 16 original papers Handa et al, 2016Handa et al, , 2017Kiyuna et al, 2008Kiyuna et al, , 2011Kiyuna et al, , 2012Kiyuna et al, , 2015Kiyuna et al, , 2017Nagatsuka et al, 2009Nagatsuka et al, , 2016Nagatsuka et al, , 2017Nishijima et al, 2013Nishijima et al, , 2017aNishijima et al, , 2017bTazato et al, 2012Tazato et al, , 2015; also see Supplementary Materials) are available to researchers in microbiology, conservation science, and related fields around the world through the Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM), operated by the RIKEN BioResource Center in Tsukuba, Japan.…”

“…S8b). One of these isolates, T7528-3-6b T (JCM 28836 T ), was proposed to be a novel species in the genus, designated 'Microbacterium tumbae' by Nishijima et al (2017b). The isolate M. shaanxiense T6220-7-3b (JCM 28790) could not utilize ethanol or isopropanol as carbon sources (Kigawa et al, 2010b), so ethanol or isopropanol might be effective for removing these microbacteria.…”

Unveiling the culturable and non‐culturable actinobacterial diversity in two macroalgae species from the northern Portuguese coast

“…Interestingly, the most oligotrophic media, NPS and SP, allowed the growth of particular taxonomic groups that were not recovered using AIA and SCN media, namely strains affiliated to the genera Actinomadura , Krasilnikoviella , Micrococcus and Stackebrandtia (Figure 4B). Nevertheless, strains affiliated to these genera have been cultivated in highly nourishing media—as ISP2, nutrient agar, NZ‐amine starch, raffinose–histidine, Sabouraud dextrose and yeast extract agars (Eltamany et al, 2014; Labeda & Kroppenstedt, 2005; Microbispora, 2006; Nishijima et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2009)—attesting their compliance to a broad range of culture compositions. Apart from other methods, the use of innovative culturing media can boost the isolation of new and diverse Actinomycetota.…”

Xylanimonas allomyrinae sp. nov. isolated from the gut of larva of Allomyrina dichotoma, reclassification of Xylanibacterium ulmi as Xylanimonas ulmi comb. nov. and Xylanimicrobium pachnodae as Xylanimonas pachnodae comb. nov., and emendation of the genus Xylanimonas

“…[1]. The family includes eight genera, Cellulosimicrobium [2], Isoptericola [3], Krasilnikoviella [4], Myceligenerans [5], Promicromonospora [6], Xylanibacterium [7], Xylanimicrobium [8] and Xylanimonas [9]. Members of the family Promicromonosporaceae have been isolated from various environments such as soil, water, air, sea sediment, plant root, mural painting, coral, human blood, ant cuticle, plant leaf, insect gut or wood decay.…”