Kramers–Kronig PAM Transceiver and Two-Sided Polarization-Multiplexed Kramers–Kronig Transceiver

Antonelli, Cristian; Mecozzi, Antonio; Shtaif, Mark

doi:10.1109/jlt.2018.2796306

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Kramers-Kronig (KK) receiver, recently proposed by Meccozi [26], [27], is a sophisticated alternative of iterative receiver-side SSBI rejection scheme, which analytically reconstruct phase component of optical field from the intensity information of the received SSB signal. To do so, the incoming signal should satisfy the minimum phase condition [26], the signal should be SSB (or VSB) and its field trajectory does not encircle the origin.…”

Section: Kramers-kronig Receivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Signaling Technology for Increasing Transmission Capacity in High-Speed Short-Distance Optical Fiber Communication

Kikuchi

2019

IEICE Trans. Electron.

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The needs for ultra-high speed short-to medium-reach optical fiber links beyond 100-Gbit/s is becoming larger and larger especially for intra and inter-data center applications. In recent intensitymodulated/direct-detection (IM/DD) high-speed optical transceivers with the channel bit rate of 50 and/or 100 Gbit/s, multilevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) is finally adopted to lower the signaling speed. To further increase the transmission capacity for the next-generation optical transceivers, various signaling techniques have been studied, especially thanks to advanced digital signal processing (DSP). In this paper, we review various signaling technologies proposed so far for short-to-medium reach applications.

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Section: Kramers-kronig Receivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Signaling Technology for Increasing Transmission Capacity in High-Speed Short-Distance Optical Fiber Communication

Kikuchi

2019

IEICE Trans. Electron.

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“…Unfortunately, simpler direct detection schemes that only have access to the optical intensity such as on-off keying or PAM4 cannot compete in both reach and capacity with coherent detection. As a result, many complex direct detection receivers have been proposed including the Kramer-sKronig and Stokes-space receivers [6][7][8][9] to extend the reach and increase the capacity of direct detection systems. Although these solutions use different receiver/transmitter architectures and various DSP algorithms, those that can measure the full field of the modulated signal and perform equalization require some form of single-side band heterodyne detection using a continuous wave carrier, which is normally added at the transmitter before transmission [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Polarization Full-Field Signal Waveform Reconstruction Using Intensity Only Measurements for Coherent Communications

Chen

Fontaine

Gené

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Conventional optical coherent receivers capture the full electrical field, including amplitude and phase, of a signal waveform by measuring its interference against a stable continuous-wave local oscillator (LO). In optical coherent communications, powerful digital signal processing (DSP) techniques operating on the full electrical field can effectively undo transmission impairments such as chromatic dispersion (CD), and polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Simpler direct detection techniques do not have access to the full electrical field and therefore lack the ability to compensate for these impairments. We present a full-field measurement technique using only direct detection that does not require any beating with a strong carrier LO. Rather, phase retrieval algorithms based on alternating projections that makes use of dispersive elements are discussed, allowing to recover the optical phase from intensityonly measurements. In this demonstration, the phase retrieval algorithm is a modified GerchbergSaxton (GS) algorithm that achieves a simulated optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) penalty of less than 4 dB compared to theory at a bit-error rate of 2×10 −2 . Based on the proposed phase retrieval scheme, we experimentally demonstrate signal detection and subsequent standard 2×2 multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) equalization of a polarization-multiplexed 30-Gbaud QPSK transmitted over a 520-km standard single-mode fiber (SMF) span.

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“…After square-law detection using a single-ended photodiode (PD), signals can be extracted from the signal-carrier beating term, and the optical field is reconstructed without using a local oscillator. In the recent decade, various schemes of field recovery with direct detection have been investigated [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . Since direct detection generally provides only intensity information, until now, signals have been mainly restricted to the single sideband (SSB) modulation format in various proposed intensity-only detection schemes 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrier-assisted differential detection

Shieh

Sun

2020

Light Sci Appl

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To overcome power fading induced by chromatic dispersion in optical fiber communications, optical field recovery is a promising solution for direct detection short-reach applications, such as fast-evolving data center interconnects (DCIs). To date, various direct detection schemes capable of optical field recovery have been proposed, including Kramers −Kronig (KK) and signal−signal beat interference (SSBI) iterative cancellation (IC) receivers. However, they are all restricted to the single sideband (SSB) modulation format, thus conspicuously losing half of the electrical spectral efficiency (SE) compared with double sideband (DSB) modulation. Additionally, SSB suffers from the noise folding issue, requiring a precise optical filter that complicates the receiver design. As such, it is highly desirable to investigate the field recovery of DSB signals via direct detection. In this paper, for the first time, we propose a novel receiver scheme called carrier-assisted differential detection (CADD) to realize optical field recovery of complex-valued DSB signals via direct detection. First, CADD doubles the electrical SE compared with the KK and SSBI IC receivers by adopting DSB modulation without sacrificing receiver sensitivities. Furthermore, by using direct detection without needing a precise receiver optical filter, CADD can employ cost-effective uncooled lasers as opposed to expensive temperature-controlled lasers in coherent systems. Our proposed receiver architecture opens a new class of direct detection schemes that are suitable for photonic integration analogous to homodyne receivers in coherent detection.

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Kramers–Kronig PAM Transceiver and Two-Sided Polarization-Multiplexed Kramers–Kronig Transceiver

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Multilevel Signaling Technology for Increasing Transmission Capacity in High-Speed Short-Distance Optical Fiber Communication

Multilevel Signaling Technology for Increasing Transmission Capacity in High-Speed Short-Distance Optical Fiber Communication

Dual Polarization Full-Field Signal Waveform Reconstruction Using Intensity Only Measurements for Coherent Communications

Carrier-assisted differential detection

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