Kounis Syndrome: Acute Coronary Syndrome Induced by a Loxosceles Laeta Bite in a 9-Year-Old Boy

Navarro-Martinez, Daniel Alejandro; Berarducci, Joaquin; Armenta-Moreno, Javier Ivan; Armendariz-Ferrari, Jose Carlos; Garcia-Cardenas, Mauricio; Fernandez-Badillo, Valente; Espínola‐Zavaleta, Nilda

doi:10.1016/j.case.2022.09.001

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Bee and wasp stings were also common triggering factors across the literature in both pediatric and adult patients. Other triggering factors, such as spiders and scorpion bites, were also reported in the pediatric population and adult population [ 15 - 17 ]. One case also reported a 17-year-old male who suffered from Kounis syndrome due to taking branched-chain amino acid supplements [ 16 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Variations in Etiology and Clinical Presentations of Kounis Syndrome Across Pediatric and Adult Populations: A Comprehensive Review

Youcefi,

Abu Saadeh,

Karaca

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Kounis syndrome (KS), recognized as a rare yet significant form of acute coronary syndrome precipitated by allergy-mediated mechanisms, poses diagnostic challenges due to its varied clinical presentations and under-recognition. Despite its relevance across diverse populations, comprehensive insights into age-specific characteristics and management remain limited. The analysis of 420 studies yielded a total of 466 case reports of Kounis syndrome, categorized into pediatric (n = 31) and adult (n = 435) populations. After rigorous screening, 330 adult and 20 pediatric case reports were included for further analysis. Triggering factors were identified, with drugs (other) being the most prevalent in both groups. The breakdown of triggering factors, such as drugs (antibiotics), bee/wasp stings, and contrast media, was elucidated. Variations in presenting symptoms, diagnostic investigations, and treatment modalities between pediatric and adult populations were observed. Notably, all pediatric cases were diagnosed with subtype I Kounis syndrome and demonstrated favorable outcomes without any reported fatalities, whereas adult cases exhibited a broader range of Kounis subtypes. Mortality was recorded solely in adult case reports, with no fatalities reported among pediatric cases. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the nuances in the clinical presentation and management of Kounis syndrome across different age groups.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Variations in Etiology and Clinical Presentations of Kounis Syndrome Across Pediatric and Adult Populations: A Comprehensive Review

Youcefi,

Abu Saadeh,

Karaca

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Mast cells, abundant in both the heart and blood vessels, are central to the pathogenesis of KS. Their excessive production and breakdown have been implicated in the pathophysiology of coronary artery vasospasm ( 7 ). The degranulation of mast cells leads to the release of allergic inflammatory mediators such as histamine, proteases, thromboxane, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and various cytokines.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: A case of Kounis syndrome induced by iodine contrast agent during coronary angiography

Sun,

Zhang

2024

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Kounis Syndrome (KS), a seldom-seen adverse reaction to iodine contrast agents, has an incidence that remains unclear. At present, there are no unified guidelines for managing KS either nationally or internationally. Ioversol, a new triiodinated hypotonic nonionic contrast agent, is commonly used in cardiovascular Computed Tomography (CT) and vascular imaging for diagnostic purposes. Its principal adverse reactions encompass fever, dermatological responses, convulsions, respiratory distress, hypersensitivity reactions including KS, and acute renal injury. This paper documents a case of KS induced by an iodine contrast agent during coronary angiography and, at the same time, searches for related literature and carries out a summary analysis in an attempt to provide a dependable reference for clinicians to make accurate diagnoses and treatments.

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Kounis Syndrome: Acute Coronary Syndrome Induced by a Loxosceles Laeta Bite in a 9-Year-Old Boy

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Exploring Variations in Etiology and Clinical Presentations of Kounis Syndrome Across Pediatric and Adult Populations: A Comprehensive Review

Exploring Variations in Etiology and Clinical Presentations of Kounis Syndrome Across Pediatric and Adult Populations: A Comprehensive Review

Case Report: A case of Kounis syndrome induced by iodine contrast agent during coronary angiography

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