Kosovo Scenario for Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Waste Management

Expansive soils usually face problems related to excessive expansion and contraction, high water retaining capacity, poor drainage, high compressibility and poor load transfer mechanism. The rate of failures in these soils is relatively high and these soils are considered as most vulnerable for construction purposes. The amendment of using waste materials in soil stabilization serves the purpose of limiting the high volume of waste generated from different sources. This in turn also restricts the consumption of natural resources which are conventionally used to stabilize the soil. Out of several waste materials generated from various sectors: agricultural, industrial, construction and demolition and mining, twenty-one highly generated but underutilized waste materials have been designated for review in this study. Their utilization as additives in soil stabilization as a partial or full replacement of conventional/traditional additives has been appraised in the present study. Among the various agricultural waste products considered, palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been found to be the most effective with the optimum dose of 10 % -30 % in soil stabilization. Cement kiln dust (CKD) and iron ore tailings (IOT) with 50 % lime were found out to be effective with the optimum dosage of 20 % and 16 %, respectively. C&D waste was applicable in the range of 10 % -24 % in the presented research work owing to the variable characteristics of the source. This paper would be helpful to industry persons in adopting alternative additives and researchers in knowing the areas which require further research.

Section: Standards/specifications Required For Waste To Be Used As An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Use of Solid Waste as Additives in Soil Stabilization: A State-of-Art Review

Sachdeva,

Shrivastava

2023

“…This involves a very high cost of management. and it, therefore, required new mitigation emission through intensive studies for technological applications 92,93) . Increased output of solid municipal garbage is a result of urbanisation, 2030 regarding CO2 emission stated targets with the aid of rapid economic expansion, rising community living standards, and urban population lifestyle changes 94) .…”

Section: Co2 Emission Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Internal Combustion Engine on Energy Supplyand its Emission Reduction via Sustainable Fuel Source

Gheidan¹,

Wahid²,

Chukwunonso³

et al. 2022

The study intends to assess long-term mitigation strategies for reducing CO2 emissions from internal combustion. The research makes use of well-known academic literature with relevant information, covers arguments, comprehension, findings, conclusions, and suggestions from literature. Concepts of combustion, internal combustion engines (ICEs), benefits of internal combustion, CO2 emission, consequences of CO2 emission on the environment, and CO2 emission mitigating measures were taken into consideration for the evidence gathered in this study. The established, reviewed literature served as the basis, pointing petroleum as the primary source of energy for both industrial and home uses is the ICEs. However, it is also account for greenhouse gas emissions like CO2 and others, which have a direct impact on the world climate, thus strongly urges the advancement of environmental sustainability through the dissemination of fresh scientific findings that will aid in reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gases. The use of electric vehicles and biofuel applications were discussed as alternative to the fossil products. The research finding revealed that the use of internal engine a gasoline (GE) car produces 167g of CO2 gas per kilometer, a diesel vehicle (DE) emits 134g, a hybrid (HEV) emits 145g and an electric vehicle (BEV) emits 114g, according to the life cycle assessment. The use of Coconut B5, B15 fuel gives CO2 raise of 2.54 % B20%,4.64 B100%. While when of Camelina fuel lower 13.8 % of B100 than B20%, thus revealed that biofuel can increase or decrease in emission generation. However, biofuel is considered as an alternative energy source that is currently being researched and applied as fuel in motorized vehicles.

“…Additionally, the sea level has increased at an average annual rate of 1-2 mm over this time period 3) . Continuous increases in the concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere are anticipated to result in climate change, which would alter ecosystems dramatically, threatening livelihoods, economic activity, living conditions, and human health 4,5) . Materials management, which encompasses the production, consumption, and disposal of materials, goods, and infrastructure, is responsible for a sizable portion of global GHG emissions -which could be projected up to two-thirds of total GHG emissions 6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular Economy Reinforcement to Diminish GHG Emissions: A grey DEMATEL Approach

Agarwal¹,

Tyagi²,

Garg³

2023

GHG emissions cause climate change and environmental degradation. The proposed research examines the role of CE in reducing GHG emissions to achieve sustainable goals and an evergreen future by recirculating materials and products. The present work identified thirteen essential CE strategies from a literature review and expert perspective to reduce GHG emissions in India's rubber industry. To provide a comprehensive explanation of the problem, the identified CE strategies were ranked by importance and categorised using the grey DEMATEL (G-DEMATEL) approach. The study offers managers and policymakers a work plan to reduce the carbon footprint.