The popular struggle for autonomy and then independence waged in Kosovo throughout the last decade is analyzed within a Strategic Nonviolent Conflict framework. The degree to which the nonviolent movement's actions lessened totalitarianism and promoted democracy is then assessed. Reasons for the perceived failures of the nonviolent tactic and the ensuing rise of a violent approach are explored. Finally, the impact that the violent phase had on the successes achieved through prior nonviolent actions is examined, followed by concluding remarks on the significance of the mass exodus of Kosovar refugees as viewed from a Strategic Nonviolent Conflict perspective.