Korelasi dan Analisis Lintas Beberapa Karakter Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) pada Kondisi Normal dan Tercekam Kekeringan (Correlations and Path Analysis of Some Characters in Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Under Normal and Drought Stress)

Abstract

<p>Cekaman air merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman termasuk cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). Produktivitas tanaman merupakan karakter yang kompleks sehingga hubungan antarkarakter perlu diketahui untuk mendapatkan kriteria seleksi yang tepat untuk perbaikan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kriteria seleksi terhadap produksi tanaman cabai toleran kekeringan pada fase pembungaan. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga taraf cekaman air, yaitu 100% kapasitas lapang (kontrol), 50% kapasitas lapang (medium stress), dan 25% kapasitas lapang (extreme stress). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa berbagai karakter yang diamati memperlihatkan perbedaan asosiasi dengan level cekaman kekeringan. Karakter panjang akar tidak dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi tanaman cabai yang toleran terhadap kekeringan karena panjang akar tidak berkorelasi secara signifikan dengan bobot buah per tanaman pada 50% dan 25% kapasitas lapang. Berdasarkan korelasi dan analisis lintas pada kondisi normal (100% kapasitas lapang) dan kondisi tercekam (50% kapasitas lapang), karakter jumlah buah dan persentase fruit set berkorelasi positif dan berpengaruh langsung terhadap bobot buah per tanaman sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi untuk perbaikan tanaman cabai yang toleran kekeringan.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Cekaman air; Cekaman kekeringan; Kriteria seleksi; Cabai; Capsicum annuum L</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Water stress is one of limiting factors for plant growth and production, including chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Plant productivity is a complex character so the relationship between characters needs to be known to get the right selection criteria for crop improvement. This study aimed to determine the selection criteria for the production of drought-tolerant chili pepper at the flowering phase. The research arranged under completely randomized design with three levels of water stress, namely 100% water field capacity (control), 50% water field capacity (medium stress) and 25% water field capacity (extreme stress). The results of the correlation analysis showed that the various characters observed exhibited differences associations with drought stress levels. Root length cannot be used for selection criterium of drought tolerant on chili because it was no positive significantly correlated to fruit weight per plant at 50% and 25% water field capacity. Based on correlation and path analysis in normal and drought conditions, the number of fruits and percentage of fruit set can be used as selection criteria for genetic improvement of drought-tolerant on chili plants because these characters were significantly positively correlated and had a direct effect on fruit weight of the plant.</p>

Bio-priming of Aceh local chili seeds in the effort to increase production and begomo virus resistance

“…In this case it is possible that there is a correlation between the variables of plant height, stem diameter and canopy width of chili plants. This is in accordance with the research of [2] which states that there is an appropriate correlation between plant height growth and stem diameter, the higher the plant the higher the dichotomus, the greater the stem circumference and the wider the canopy of chili plants.…”

“…The Lanyoe variety has the highest dichotomous height (26.80 cm) which is statistically significantly different from the comparative Baja F1 variety (28.90 cm). Note: Numbers Followed by the Same Letter in the Same Column Are Not Significantly Different Based on the Honestly Significant Difference Test (BNJ) level 0.05 [2]stated that the character of a plant that is taller and does not touch the ground can reduce water splashing from the soil to the fruit which is one source of disease infection. [10]stated that the fruit from higher plants does not touch the ground so that it can reduce water splashing from the soil to the fruit which is one source of fungal infection.…”

“…Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the leading horticultural crop commodities which is widely cultivated because of its economic value and nutritional content. Chili is used in a mixture of food, medicine and some species are used as ornamental plants [1]According to [2]the demand for chili is increasing along with the increase in population. Chili planting in the dry season is generally more disturbed by insect pests.…”

Morpho-physiological-based selection criteria for chili (Capsicum annuum) under drought stress during vegetative to generative phase

“…Drought caused the abortion of early flower buds, as previously reported on chilies by Malika et al (2019) and Rosmaina et al (2019b), delay flowering time (Figure 1E), led to a decrease in fruit size and number and resulted in decreasing of the total fruit weight (Figure 1E). The yieldreduction of six genotypes reached 37% when subjected to moderate drought stress and 63% for severe drought stress.…”

“…Correlation and pathway coefficient are proven successful statistical analyses in identifying key characteristics in many species, including soybean (Kuswantoro 2017), tomato (Saleem et al 2013;Ritonga et al 2018), and chili (Malika et al 2019;Mahmood et al 2021). Fruit length and diameter, capsaicin contents, and fruit quantity have been identified as selection criteria for chilies under drought in the generative phase (Rosmaina et al 2019b;Mahmood et al 2021). Meanwhile, the shoot-root ratio and leaf area has been noted as helpful selection criteria for drought in the vegetative phase (Widuri et al 2020).…”