Korean red ginseng suppresses 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced inflammation in the substantia nigra and colon

Jeon, Hyongjun; Bae, Chang−Hwan; Lee, Yukyoung; Kim, Hee-Young; Kim, Seungtae

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.02.028

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…(4) Ruminococcacae downregulates D2R expression [ 32 ]. (5) Ruminococcus is correlated with decreased tyrosine hydroxylase activity [ 89 ]. Abbreviations: DAT, dopamine transporter; BH4, tetrahydrobiopterin; D1R, dopamine 1 receptor; D2R, dopamine 2 receptor.…”

Section: Gut Microbes Effects On Dopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, consumption of Korean red ginseng by MPTP-treated mice caused attenuation of dopaminergic degeneration by decreasing the abundance of Ruminococcus . This was associated with increased tyrosine hydroxylase and thus increased dopamine levels [ 89 ]. Similarly, exercise-induced stress behavior also caused changes in the abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus, which also modulates intestinal mucus degradation and immune function [ 107 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbes Effects On Dopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Regulating Dopaminergic Signaling

et al. 2022

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Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role both peripherally and centrally in vital functions such as cognition, reward, satiety, voluntary motor movements, pleasure, and motivation. Optimal dopamine bioavailability is essential for normal brain functioning and protection against the development of neurological diseases. Emerging evidence shows that gut microbiota have significant roles in maintaining adequate concentrations of dopamine via intricate, bidirectional communication known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The vagus nerve, immune system, hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis, and microbial metabolites serve as important mediators of the reciprocal microbiota-gut-brain signaling. Furthermore, gut microbiota contain intrinsic enzymatic activity that is highly involved in dopamine metabolism, facilitating dopamine synthesis as well as its metabolite breakdown. This review examines the relationship between key genera of gut microbiota such as Prevotella, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Enterococcus, and Ruminococcus and their effects on dopamine. The effects of gut dysbiosis on dopamine bioavailability and the subsequent impact on dopamine-related pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease are also discussed. Understanding the role of gut microbiota in modulating dopamine activity and bioavailability both in the periphery and in the central nervous system can help identify new therapeutic targets as well as optimize available methods to prevent, delay, or restore dopaminergic deficits in neurologic and metabolic disorders.

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Section: Gut Microbes Effects On Dopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gut Microbes Effects On Dopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Regulating Dopaminergic Signaling

et al. 2022

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“…Depletion of dopamine is one of the most significant pathological changes in PD and Th, which is a rate-limiting enzyme of dopamine synthesis, takes an important role in this pathology (Taylor et al 2013 ; Li et al 2017 ). Th, therefore, has been considered as a marker of dopaminergic neurons and used to confirm the success of PD animal model in studies investigating PD pathology and developing potential therapeutics for PD progression (Lu et al 2018 ; Jeon et al 2021 ). Reduction in Th expression showed that both regimen impaired the dopamine synthesis and produced PD animal model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Alteration in MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease is Administration Regimen Dependent

Aktaş

2023

Cell Mol Neurobiol

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Parkinson Disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons involved in motor functions. Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota communicates with the brain known as the gut-brain axis (GBA). Mitochondrial toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is commonly used in animal studies to investigate the GBA in PD. Various MPTP administration regimens are performed in PD mouse models involving one to multiple injections in 1 day or one injection per day for several days. The aim of this study is to investigate if the impact of MPTP on gut microbiota differs depending on the administration regimen. C57BL/6 mice were treated with acute or subchronic regimens of MPTP. Motor functions were assessed by open-field, catalepsy, and wire hanging tests. The cecum and the brain samples were obtained for microbiota and gene expression analyses, respectively. MPTP administration regimens differed in their ability to alter the gut microbiota. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were both increased in subchronic mice while did not change and decreased, respectively, in acute mice. Verrucomicrobiota was elevated in acute MPTP mice but dropped in subchronic MPTP mice. Muribaculaceae was the predominant genus in all groups but acute mice. In acute mice, Akkermansia was increased and Colidextribacter was decreased; however, they showed an opposite trend in subchronic mice. These data suggest that MPTP mouse model cause a gut microbiota dysbiosis in an administration regimen dependent manner, and it is important to take consideration of mouse model to investigate the GBA in neurodegenerative diseases including PD. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10571-023-01319-7.

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“…Therefore, altered striatal DAT expression has been linked with neurologic diseases that are characterized by dopaminergic neuronal degeneration as seen in PD [ 30 , 31 ]. Furthermore, carbohydrate-based diets have been associated with relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus [ 32 ], both of which have strong links to dopamine neurotransmission and disease processes ( Figure 1 ) [ 33 ]. Similarly, some low-fat calorie sweeteners have also been associated with increased concentrations in Bifidobacterium genus.…”

Section: Changes In Nutrients Dopamine and Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Nutrition, Microbiota Transplant and Weight Loss Surgery on Dopaminergic Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease and Obesity

Hamamah

Hajnal

Covașă

2022

IJMS

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Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is characterized by dopaminergic neuron degeneration and α-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the midbrain. Emerging evidence has shown that dietary intake affects the microbial composition in the gut, which in turn contributes to, or protects against, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in affected regions of the brain. More specifically, the Mediterranean diet and Western diet, composed of varying amounts of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, exert contrasting effects on PD pathophysiology via alterations in the gut microbiota and dopamine levels. Interestingly, the negative changes in the gut microbiota of patients with PD parallel changes that are seen in individuals that consume a Western diet, and are opposite to those that adhere to a Mediterranean diet. In this review, we first examine the role of prominent food groups on dopamine bioavailability, how they modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiota and the subsequent effects on PD and obesity pathophysiology. We then highlight evidence on how microbiota transplant and weight loss surgery can be used as therapeutic tools to restore dopaminergic deficits through optimizing gut microbial composition. In the process, we revisit dietary metabolites and their role in therapeutic approaches involving dopaminergic pathways. Overall, understanding the role of nutrition on dopamine bioavailability and gut microbiota in dopamine-related pathologies such as PD will help develop more precise therapeutic targets to rescue dopaminergic deficits in neurologic and metabolic disorders.

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Korean red ginseng suppresses 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced inflammation in the substantia nigra and colon

Cited by 28 publications

References 69 publications

Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Regulating Dopaminergic Signaling

Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Regulating Dopaminergic Signaling

Gut Microbial Alteration in MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease is Administration Regimen Dependent

Impact of Nutrition, Microbiota Transplant and Weight Loss Surgery on Dopaminergic Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease and Obesity

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