Korean Red Ginseng enhances pneumococcal Δpep27 vaccine efficacy by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production

Lee, Sion; Lee, Seung-Yeop; Kim, Se-Jin; Rhee, Dong‐Kwon

doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2017.11.007

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Additionally, ∆pep27 significantly inhibited oxidative stress parameters in DIC, consistent with the findings of ref. [36] where Korean red ginseng enhanced ∆pep27 potency to suppress both ROS generation and ERK signalling-mediated cell death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pep27 Mutant Immunization Inhibits Caspase-14 Expression to Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Treg Upregulation

Iqbal

Kim

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a highly prevalent gut inflammatory disorder. Complicated clinical outcomes prolong the use of conventional therapy and often lead to compromised immunity followed by adverse events and high relapse rates. Thus, a profound medical intervention is required. Previously, intranasal immunization of pneumococcal pep27 mutant (Δpep27) exhibited long-lasting protection against immune-related disorders. System biology analysis has predicted an inverse correlation between Δpep27 immunization and gastroenteritis. Recently, we established that Δpep27-elicited Tregs repressed Wnt5a expression and enhanced barrier integrity, suggesting the restoration of immunological tolerance. Therefore, we evaluated whether Δpep27 can alleviate IBD. Δpep27 dose-dependent response was analyzed in dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice using transcriptome analysis. Pro- and anti-inflammatory signatures were cross-correlated by quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. To address the hierarchy regulating the activity of caspase-14, an undefined marker in IBD, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), antibody-based neutralization studies were conducted. Fecal microbiome profiles were analyzed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Δpep27 significantly attenuated dextran sulfate sodium-induced oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, caspase-14 expression level, and upregulated tight junction, anti-inflammatory genes IL-10 and TGF-β1 via upregulation of Tregs to restore healthy gut microbiota. Neutralization studies unveiled that ∆pep27 had a remedial effect via Treg upregulation. Caspase-14, being an important mediator in the pathogenesis of IBD, can be an alternate therapeutic target in IBD. ∆pep27-increased Tregs repressed caspase-14 expression and reversed gut microbial dysbiosis, aiding to re-establish immunological tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pep27 Mutant Immunization Inhibits Caspase-14 Expression to Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Treg Upregulation

Iqbal

Kim

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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“…HPLC analysis shows that Rg3 penetrates the bacterial cell membrane more easily than other compounds, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth [77,78] . Pg is an adjuvant for pneumococcal vaccines, which can enhance vaccine efficacy and increase the survival rate after lethal bacterial challenge [79] . Pg extracts and Rb1 ginsenosides also show an adjuvant effect on immunization against MRSA.…”

Section: Panax Ginseng (Ginseng Polysaccharide)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Medicine Combination Therapy Is A Promising Strategy for MRSA Infection

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a superbug that often causes serious inflammation-related injuries. Host immune defense against MRSA infection and MRSA immune evasion strategies are the main mechanisms of these injuries. Conventional drugs, such as antibiotics, optimized antibiotics and vaccines, can treat MRSA infections, but their use is limited because of drug-resistance and impairment of immunity. Traditional medicine (TM) therapies, presently used to address these unmet clinical needs and treat injuries, are regarded as a potential solution to combat MRSA infection. This review systematically summarizes the immune mechanisms of MRSA infection, analyzes the efficacy characteristics and corresponding mechanisms of conventional and TM therapies in treating injuries, and discusses the potential advantages of combined therapy. Furthermore, several appropriate immune responses-related conditions that could be treated with the combination therapy were summarized, and new perspectives on the clinical and basic research on this combination therapy were proposed. This review lays a foundation for the development of anti-MRSA therapies and provides novel strategies and methods for the treatment of inflammation-related injuries caused by multiple drug-resistant bacteria.

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“…The human respiratory tract has commensal Pneumococcus, which is the cause of local infections, as well as many invasive diseases, such as meningitis and sepsis, due to its virulence factors. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) has been reported to enhance the efficacy of the pneumococcal pep27 mutant (Δpep27) vaccine [ 170 ]. KRG, at a dose of 100 mg/kg, demonstrated higher survival rates in mice than the non-treated controls.…”

Section: Anti-bacterial Activity Of Ginsengmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Efficacy of Ginseng against Respiratory Tract Infections

et al. 2021

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Respiratory tract infections are underestimated, as they are mild and generally not incapacitating. In clinical medicine, however, these infections are considered a prevalent problem. By 2030, the third most comprehensive reason for death worldwide will be chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to the World Health Organization. The current arsenal of anti-inflammatory drugs shows little or no benefits against COPD. For thousands of years, herbal drugs have been used to cure numerous illnesses; they exhibit promising results and enhance physical performance. Ginseng is one such herbal medicine, known to alleviate pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8) formed by macrophages and epithelial cells. Furthermore, the mechanisms of action of ginsenoside are still not fully understood. Various clinical trials of ginseng have exhibited a reduction of repeated colds and the flu. In this review, ginseng’s structural features, the pathogenicity of microbial infections, and the immunomodulatory, antiviral, and anti-bacterial effects of ginseng were discussed. The focus was on the latest animal studies and human clinical trials that corroborate ginseng’s role as a therapy for treating respiratory tract infections. The article concluded with future directions and significant challenges. This review would be a valuable addition to the knowledge base for researchers in understanding the promising role of ginseng in treating respiratory tract infections. Further analysis needs to be re-focused on clinical trials to study ginseng’s efficacy and safety in treating pathogenic infections and in determining ginseng-drug interactions.

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Korean Red Ginseng enhances pneumococcal Δpep27 vaccine efficacy by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Pep27 Mutant Immunization Inhibits Caspase-14 Expression to Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Treg Upregulation

Pep27 Mutant Immunization Inhibits Caspase-14 Expression to Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Treg Upregulation

Traditional Medicine Combination Therapy Is A Promising Strategy for MRSA Infection

Pharmacological Efficacy of Ginseng against Respiratory Tract Infections

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