Korean Ethnicity as Compared with White Ethnicity Is an Independent Favorable Prognostic Factor for Overall Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer before and after the Oral Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Era

Ahn, Myung‐Ju; Lee, Jeeyun; Park, Yun‐Hee; Ahn, Jin‐Seok; Ziogas, Argyrios; Zell, Jason A.; Park, Keunchil; Ou, Sai‐Hong Ignatius

doi:10.1097/jto.0b013e3181e2f624

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In addition, they used a semi-quantitative histological score, which was obtained by multiplying the percentage of reactive cells by the corresponding immunostaining intensity, as a continuous variable to evaluate immunohistochemical findings, whereas we used a binary variable, In our study, the proportion of never smokers was 24 %, which is much higher than that reported in non-Asian countries and contradicts the well-established strict relation between SCLC and cigarette smoking [14,15]. The prevalence of nonsmoking-related lung cancer, regardless of histological type, is known to be higher among Asian patients including Koreans than in non-Asian patients, and this could be explained by ethnic differences [15][16][17]. In addition, 22 (79 %) of 28 never smokers included in this study were female.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Phosphorylated 4E-binding protein 1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in small-cell lung cancer

et al. 2015

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Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein (4E-BP1) results in release of eIF4E, which sequentially relieves translational repression and enhances oncogenic protein synthesis. We assessed the expression of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 (p-4E-BP1) in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and its correlation with clinicopathological factors and patient survival. This study included 117 SCLCs, which comprised 108 primary and 9 metastatic tumor tissues. We performed immunohistochemical staining for p-4E-BP1 in 117 tumors and found that 77 (66 %) were positive for p-4E-BP1 with cytoplasmic and/or nuclear immunostaining. The positive rate of p-4E-BP1 staining was significantly higher in never smokers (p = 0.034) and metastatic tumor tissues (p = 0.027). Patients with p-4E-BP1-positive SCLC tended to have poor performance status, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.087). High p-4E-BP1 expression was significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in all cohorts (p = 0.016). After stratification by clinical stage, p-4E-BP1 expression showed a stronger relationship with OS in patients with limited disease (p = 0.008). In addition, when stratified by treatment status, p-4E-BP1 expression was still significantly associated with worse OS in a subgroup of patients who completed treatment (p = 0.021). Our results indicate that p-4E-BP1 expression could represent oncogenic potential and contribute to the progression and aggressiveness of SCLC, suggesting it could be a candidate prognostic biomarker of SCLC, especially in limited disease.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Phosphorylated 4E-binding protein 1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in small-cell lung cancer

et al. 2015

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“…Compared with patients in the Asian phase-III gefitinib trials, [14][15][16] patients in the EURTAC trial 33 had the highest median age, the highest proportion with a worse performance status, and the highest proportion with stage IV disease, apart from using a Caucasian patient population which in itself was an important prognostic factor. [34][35][36] Thus, according to these prognostic patient characteristics, the only phase-III trial performed in Caucasian patients (EURTAC) was not comparable to any other phase-III trial and hence warranted assessment separately from the Asian evidence. Notably, this was our rationale for basing our assessment for the Hong Kong health care setting on the available Asian evidence only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of erlotinib versus gefitinib in first-line treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor–activating mutation-positive non–small-cell lung cancer patients in Hong Kong

2013

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New knowledge added by this study • The current project provided cost-effectiveness information for erlotinib and gefitinib based on four Asian phase-III clinical trials in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using a threshold recommended by the World Health Organization.• The cost-effectiveness analysis indicates that erlotinib is cost-effective compared to gefitinib in first-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutation-positive (MuT+) NSCLC patients in Hong Kong. Implications for clinical practice or policy• Erlotinib is efficacious and cost-effective, and hence should be considered a good option for treatment of EGFR MuT+ NSCLC patients.• Being cost-effective, erlotinib should be considered for reimbursement by health care payers in Hong Kong. A B S T R A C TObjective: To compare the effectiveness and costeffectiveness of erlotinib versus gefitinib as first-line treatment of epidermal growth factor receptoractivating mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Design: Indirect treatment comparison and a costeffectiveness assessment. Setting: Hong Kong. Patients: Those having epidermal growth factor receptor-activating mutation-positive non-smallcell lung cancer. Interventions: Erlotinib versus gefitinib use was compared on the basis of four relevant Asian phase-III randomised controlled trials: one for erlotinib (OPTIMAL) and three for gefitinib (IPASS; NEJGSG; WJTOG). The cost-effectiveness assessment model simulates the transition between the health states: progression-free survival, progression, and death over a lifetime horizon. The World Health Organization criterion (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio <3 times of gross domestic product/capita:

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“…prognosis among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. 19 Taking this idea a step further, we suggest that for each race and cancer previously listed, there are likely numerous unidentified genetic and molecular differences of oncologic significance that can be exploited for therapeutic gain in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of reduction in racial disparities in cancer‐specific mortality over a 20‐year period

Aizer

Wilhite

Chen

et al. 2014

Cancer

210

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BACKGROUND:To the authors' knowledge, it remains unknown whether race-based differences in cancer outcomes have changed with time. In the current study, the authors assessed whether racial disparities in cancer-specific mortality have improved over the last 20 years. METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program was used to identify 2,713,474 patients diagnosed between 1988 and 2007 with either lung, breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer (the leading 3 causes of cancer-related mortality among each sex). After exclusions, 1,001,978 patients remained eligible for analysis. The impact of race on cancer-specific mortality was assessed using the regression model of Fine and Gray; an interaction model evaluated trends over time. RESULTS: African Americans presented with a more advanced stage of disease (P <.001) and underwent definitive therapy less often (P <.001) than whites. After adjustment for demographics and year of diagnosis, African Americans were found to have higher estimates of cancer-specific mortality than whites for all cancers combined (hazards ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-1.30 [P <.001]) and within each individual cancer (each P <.05). These differences did not change significantly between 1988 through 1997 and 1998 through 2007, except among patients with breast cancer, in whom survival disparities increased. These findings remained significant after adjustment for stage of disease at presentation and receipt of definitive therapy (hazards ratio for breast cancer mortality in African Americans vs whites: 1.37 from 1988-1997 and 1.53 from 1998-2007; P for interaction, < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The survival gap for African Americans has not closed over time. Race-based differences in outcome persist independent of stage of disease and treatment, suggesting that additional strategies beyond screening and improving access to care, such as further research into tumor biologies disproportionately affecting African Americans, are needed to improve survival for African American patients with cancer. Cancer 2014;120:1532-9.

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Korean Ethnicity as Compared with White Ethnicity Is an Independent Favorable Prognostic Factor for Overall Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer before and after the Oral Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Era

Cited by 49 publications

References 21 publications

Phosphorylated 4E-binding protein 1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in small-cell lung cancer

Phosphorylated 4E-binding protein 1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in small-cell lung cancer

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of erlotinib versus gefitinib in first-line treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor–activating mutation-positive non–small-cell lung cancer patients in Hong Kong

Lack of reduction in racial disparities in cancer‐specific mortality over a 20‐year period

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