Kordiimonas gwangyangensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from marine sediments that forms a distinct phyletic lineage (Kordiimonadales ord. nov.) in the ‘Alphaproteobacteria’

Abstract

A marine bacterium, designated strain GW14-5T, capable of degrading high-molecular-mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was isolated from the sediments of Gwangyang Bay, Republic of Korea, after enrichment culture for 2 years with a mixture of benzo[a]pyrene and pyrene. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolate forms a phyletic lineage that is distinct from the seven known orders within the ‘Alphaproteobacteria’. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain GW14-5T to all recognized bacterial species was not greater than 92 %. The dominant fatty acids of the isolate were i-17 : 1 (46·2 %), i-15 : 0 (15·1 %) and i-17 : 0 (12·6 %). The major respiratory quinone was MK-5, and the DNA G+C content was 39·3 mol%. Cells of strain GW14-5T were Gram-negative, motile, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive and weakly halophilic. Glucose, N-acetylglucosamine and maltose were utilized as sole carbon sources. The strain was positive for β-glucosidase activity. Optimal growth of strain GW14-5T was at pH 7·0 and 37–40 °C and required the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. On the basis of this evidence, strain GW14-5T represents a novel genus and species in the ‘Alphaproteobacteria’ for which the name Kordiimonas gwangyangensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The novel order Kordiimonadales is proposed for the distinct phyletic line represented by the genus Kordiimonas. The type strain is GW14-5T (=KCCM 42021T=JCM 12864T).

Kiloniella laminariae gen. nov., sp. nov., an alphaproteobacterium from the marine macroalga Laminaria saccharina

“…nov. and order Kiloniellales ord. nov.The Alphaproteobacteria is one of the most well-represented bacterial groups observed in marine habitats (Giovannoni & Rappé, 2000), with members of the orders Caulobacterales, Sphingomonadales, Rhizobiales, Rickettsiales, Rhodobacterales, Rhodospirillales, Kordiimonadales and 'Parvularculales' being reported (Garrity et al, 2005;Kwon et al, 2005). In a study concerning the phylogenetic analysis of bacteria that are associated with the marine brown alga Laminaria saccharina from the Baltic Sea, strain LD81 T was isolated.…”

“…The production of pigments and the DNA G+C content of 60.8 mol% clearly distinguish Parvularcula bermudensis HTCC2503 T from isolate LD81 T . Kordiimonas gwangyangensis GW14-5 T , the sole member of the order Kordiimonadales, is not able to reduce nitrate and, quite unusually for the Alphaproteobacteria, has a DNA G+C content of only 39.3 mol% and produces iso-C 17 : 1 as the predominant fatty acid (Kwon et al, 2005).…”

Kordiimonas aestuarii sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a tidal flat

“…Currently, the genus Kordiimonas comprises only two species with validly published names: Kordiimonas gwangyangensis, isolated from marine sediment (Kwon et al, 2005) and Kordiimonas lacus, isolated from sediment sample of ballast water tank (Xu et al, 2011). The genus Kordiimonas contains rod-shaped, strictly aerobic halotolerant bacteria that are motile by means of flagella and contain ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the major isoprenoid quinone (Kwon et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2011). Coastal tidal flats, which are known as 'getbol' in Korea, are coastal marshes or muddy areas that undergo flooding with seawater and are exposed to the atmosphere between low and high tides.…”

Thalassospira xianhensis sp. nov., a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacterium

“…Some PAHs are highly carcinogenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic to marine organisms and may be transferred to humans through seafood consumption (Menzie et al, 1992). Therefore, removal of PAHs from contaminated marine environments is of considerable importance.Several PAH-degrading strains have been isolated from PAH-contaminated marine sediments (Hedlund & Staley, 2001;Kwon et al, 2005;Sohn et al, 2004). In this study, we report the characterization of a PAH-degrading marine bacterium that was isolated from saline soil contaminated with crude oil in Xianhe, Shangdong Province, China.…”

“…Several PAH-degrading strains have been isolated from PAH-contaminated marine sediments (Hedlund & Staley, 2001; Kwon et al, 2005;Sohn et al, 2004). In this study, we report the characterization of a PAH-degrading marine bacterium that was isolated from saline soil contaminated with crude oil in Xianhe, Shangdong Province, China.…”