Konsep Dasar Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus

Abstract

Children with special needs are children who require special treatment because of developmental disorders and abnormalities experienced by children. Children with special needs have differences that occur in several ways, such as the process of growth and development that experiences abnormalities or deviations both physically, mentally, intellectually, socially and emotionally. In the context of special education in Indonesia, children with special needs are categorized in terms of blind children, deaf children, children with intellectual disabilities, children with motor disabilities, children with social emotional disorders, and children with intelligent and special talents. Every child with special needs has different characteristics from one to another. In addition, every child with special needs also needs special services that are tailored to their abilities and characteristics. It is important to carry out identification and assessment activities to identify their characteristics and needs. It is considered important to get the right service according to the characteristics, needs and capabilities.

Strategi Pembelajaran Inklusi

“…Anak berkebutuhan khusus adalah anak yang secara signifikan mengalami kelainan atau penyimpangan (fisik, mental-intelektual, sosial, emosional) dalam proses pertumbuhan atau perkembangan dibandingkan dengan anak-anak lain seusianya sehingga mereka memerlukan pelayanan dan pendidikan khusus (Cahyaningrum, 2012). Anak berkebutuhan khusus adalah anak yang memerlukan penanganan khusus karena adanya gangguan perkembangan dan kelaian yang dialami anak (Pitaloka, 2022). Dengan demikian, jika anak berkebutuhan khusus itu mempunyai penyimpangan atau kelainan tetapi hal tersebut tidak signifikan sehingga tidak memerlukan pelayanan pendidikan khusus, maka anak itu bukan disebut anak yang berkebutuhan khusus (ABK).…”