Kondisi Terumbu Karang di kawasan KALP Pantai Krakas, Lombok Utara

Abstract

Penelitian tentang Keluaran Air Tanah Lepas Pantai (KALP) masih sedikit dilakukan di Indonesia dan saat ini baru pertama kali melihat dampak terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang terutama terkait kondisi karang di lokasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati dampak KALP terhadap kondisi terumbu karang dengan menggunakan metode transek garis sebanyak 3 ulangan dengan panjang 20 m. Transek sabuk berukuran lebar 2 m dan panjang 20 m dengan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali digunakan untuk melihat kelimpahan penyakit karang di lokasi sekitar 1,5 km dari sumber KALP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kelompok kategori kondisi karang antara lokasi KALP yaitu lebih rendah dari 50% yang termasuk kondisi jelek (18,18% lokasi 1 dan 45,79% lokasi 2) dengan dominasi tutupan karang mati 30,85% dan patahan karang 10,53%. Pada lokasi 3 yang jauh dari KALP memiliki kondisi karang kategori baik karena memiliki tutupan karang hidup diatas 50% (51,37%). Keberadaan penyakit karang “Yellow Syndrome” dan Black Band Disease tidak ditemukan pada kedua lokasi KALP, namun ditemukan pada lokasi 3 yang jauh dari KALP dengan kelimpahan yang tinggi.

Nutrient dynamics in submarine groundwater discharge through a coral reef (western Lombok, Indonesia)

“…A further explanation is that variations in nitrate concentrations in discharging groundwater occur because of variations in uptake rates within the coral reef body. In the “crater,” only small parts of the reef are still intact while the dominant part consists of sand and coral rubble (Johan et al ), whereas in the spring complex, a higher coral cover was visually observed in the field. As a consequence, biological uptake and transformation of NO 3 might be low within the “crater”; while in the spring complex, NO 3 might be taken up or transformed within the coral reef (e.g., Muscatine and Porter ; Grover et al ).…”

“…Secondary negative nutrient effects, such as an increased phytoplankton productivity, can have negative effects on coral reef health (D'Angelo and Wiedenmann 2014). Dead corals with algae were identified by Johan et al (2017) within and around the area of the crater. SGD seems to affect the morphology of the seafloor in many places around the globe (Buongiorno Nardelli et al 2017;Swarzenski et al 2017;Virtasalo et al 2019) which may be used in more depth as a tool in future SGD studies.…”

Terrestrial Nutrients and Dissolved Organic Matter Input to the Coral Reef Ecosystem via Submarine Springs

“…34 River discharge into the coastal water in this area is located approximately 1 km toward the north and south of the submarine spring complex; however, these are nonperennial rivers. Several local studies have been implemented at the springs, e.g., related to the springs and their identification via thermal satellite, 35,36 the potential occurrence of coral reef diseases surrounding the springs, 37 and the utilization of the springs as freshwater resources for local communities. 38 The morphology of the springs, SGD rates, and their associated nutrient fluxes were studied by Oehler et al 12 In general, the springs investigated in the previous works and this study are divided into three subcomplexes, Spring A, Springs B and C, and Springs D and E, due to their distance from each other and spring type.…”

Faktor Hidro-Oseanografi Terhadap Distribusi Air Tawar Bersuhu Rendah Dekat Pantai Sekitar Lokasi Keluaran Air Tanah Lepas Pantai (KALP) di Perairan Lombok Utara, Indonesia

“…Posisi KALP di Pantai Krakas berada didaerah intertidal yang masih dipengaruhi oleh aliran arus sejajar pantai yang sangat dinamis. Kondisi tersebut dengan mudah memicu pengangkutan air tanah dengan suhu rendah ke lingkungan disekitarnya (Johan et al, 2018 (Bakti et al, 2012). Dalam studi ini, akan diobservasi dua pusat KALP terbesar (Gambar 2).…”