Komatiite-Hosted Ni-Cu-PGE Deposits in Finland

Konnunaho, Jukka; Halkoaho, Tapio; Hanski, Eero; Törmänen, T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-410438-9.00004-2

Cited by 12 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Unlike in some other Archean greenstone belts, such as the Kalgoorlie terrane in Western Australia, only a few occurrences of komatiite-hosted Ni-Cu sulfides have been discovered in the Finnish greenstone belts (Konnunaho et al, 2015). Unlike in some other Archean greenstone belts, such as the Kalgoorlie terrane in Western Australia, only a few occurrences of komatiite-hosted Ni-Cu sulfides have been discovered in the Finnish greenstone belts (Konnunaho et al, 2015).…”

Section: Metallogeny Of Archean Granite-greenstone Terranesmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…2.3), showing that this magmatic episode has some Ni potential ( Konnunaho et al, 2015). 2050 Ma) komatiitic and picritic volcanic rocks and related subvolcanic intrusions in Finnish Lapland are associated with sulfide-bearing black shales and therefore were emplaced in a favorable environment for assimilation of external sulfur.…”

Section: Metallogeny Of the Paleoproterozoic Cratonic Sedimentation Amentioning

confidence: 90%

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Synthesis of the Geological Evolution and Metallogeny of Finland

Hanski¹

2015

Mineral Deposits of Finland

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Section: Metallogeny Of Archean Granite-greenstone Terranesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Metallogeny Of the Paleoproterozoic Cratonic Sedimentation Amentioning

confidence: 90%

Synthesis of the Geological Evolution and Metallogeny of Finland

Hanski¹

2015

Mineral Deposits of Finland

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“…The lowermost unit in the belt consists of mafic-ultramafic volcanic rocks, including komatiitic olivine cumulates and noncumulate rocks and minor ca. 2.93 Ga sulfide-bearing felsic volcanic rocks, and interlayers of banded iron formation (Karinen et al 2015;Konnunaho et al 2015;DigiKP 2018). The rocks were metamorphosed under amphibolite facies conditions (Metamorphism of Finland 2018), and the primary silicate minerals have been replaced by secondary metamorphic minerals.…”

Section: Ruossakero Ni-(cu) Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of iron oxides in Archean and Paleoproterozoic mafic-ultramafic hosted Ni-Cu-PGE deposits in northern Fennoscandia: application to mineral exploration

et al. 2020

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Using electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), we analyzed major and trace element compositions of iron oxides from Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits hosted by mafic-ultramafic rocks in northern Fennoscandia, mostly focusing on Finland. The main research targets were the Archean Ruossakero Ni-(Cu) deposit; Tulppio dunite and related Ni-PGE mineralization; Hietaharju, Vaara, and Tainiovaara Ni-(Cu-PGE) deposits; and Paleoproterozoic Lomalampi PGE-(Ni-Cu) deposit. In addition, some reference samples from the Pechenga (Russia), Jinchuan (China), and Kevitsa (Finland) Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits, and a barren komatiite sequence in the Kovero area (Finland) were studied. Magnetite and Crmagnetite show a wide range of trace element compositions as a result of the variation of silicate and sulfide melt compositions and their post-magmatic modification history. Most importantly, the Ni content in oxide shows a positive correlation with the Ni tenor of the sulfide phase in equilibrium with magnetite, regardless of whether the sulfide assemblage is magmatic or post-magmatic in origin. The massive sulfide samples contain an oxide phase varying in composition from Cr-magnetite to magnetite, indicating that Crmagnetite can crystallize directly from sulfide liquid. The Mg concentration of magnetites in massive sulfide samples is lowest among the samples analyzed, and this can be regarded as a diagnostic feature of an oxide phase crystallized together with primitive Fe-rich MSS (monosulfide solid solution). Our results show that magnetite geochemistry, plotted in appropriate discrimination diagrams, together with petrographical observations could be used as an indicator of potential Ni-(Cu-PGE) mineralization.

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“…Many komatiite-bearing greenstone belts host Ni-Cu sulfide deposits (Mudd and Jowitt 2014), and in some cases, they are economically important, notably in the Eastern Goldfields superterrane of the Yilgarn craton and the Abitibi greenstone belt of the Superior craton (Barnes and Fiorentini 2012 and references therein). Komatiites of the Karelian craton in the Fennoscandian Shield have been studied in a considerable detail, both in Russia (e.g., Puchtel et al 1998Puchtel et al , 1999Puchtel et al , 2007Svetov 2005;Svetov et al 2001Svetov et al , 2010Svetov and Smolkin 2003) and Finland (e.g., Jahn et al 1980;Hanski 1980;Papunen et al 2009;Hölttä et al 2012;Maier et al 2013;Konnunaho et al 2015), but so far, no significant Editorial handling: M. Fiorentini…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-019-00909-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. komatiite-hosted Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits have been discovered, though some small, disseminated sulfide deposits are known to exist in northern and eastern Finland (Konnunaho et al 2015). A possible exception of significant mineralization is the Paleoproterozoic Sakatti Cu-Ni-PGE deposit, which may be related to magmas of komatiitic affinity (Brownscombe et al 2015;Makkonen et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of komatiites and basalts in Archean greenstone belts of Russian Karelia with emphasis on platinum-group elements

et al. 2019

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Archean komatiites form an important host rock for Ni-Cu sulfide deposits in the world. In this study, we examined Archean komatiites and komatiitic basalts from four areas in the Vedlozero-Segozero greenstone belt and two areas in the Tikshozero greenstone belt, Russian Karelia, to constrain their Ni-Cu sulfide mineralization potential using chalcophile element geochemistry. The platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations in these Munro-type komatiitic rocks are at a level of other similar Sundersaturated komatiites and komatiitic basalts globally, with Pt and Pd concentrations in the range of 5-20 ppb and Pd/Ir varying from < 10 (komatiites) to > 15 (komatiitic basalts and basalts). Generally, the metals of the iridium-group elements (IPGEs; Ir, Ru, Os) show a compatible behavior, decreasing in abundance with decreasing MgO, whereas the metals of the palladium group (PPGEs; Pt, Pd, Rh) exhibit an incompatible behavior. The poor correlation between Ir and MgO suggests that olivine fractional crystallization is not the main control on the behavior of IPGE. In contrast, Ir, Ru, and Os show positive correlations with Cr, which is consistent with the compatible behavior of IPGEs in chromite or during the co-precipitation of chromite and platinum-group minerals (PGMs). Palladium, Cu, and Au have been variably mobile during alteration and metamorphism whereas Pt appears to have been less mobile. Some samples from the Khizovaara area show low (Pt/Ti) N ratios, low Ni, and high La/Sm and La/Nb, suggesting localized sulfide saturation in response to crustal contamination. However, the potential of the Russian Karelian greenstone belts for Ni-Cu sulfide mineralization is considered relatively low because most samples show neither enrichment nor depletion of chalcophile elements, and the paucity of dynamic lava channel environments, as indicated by the scarcity of olivine-rich adcumulates. In addition, there appears to be a lack of exposed sulfidic sedimentary rocks in the region.

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Komatiite-Hosted Ni-Cu-PGE Deposits in Finland

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Synthesis of the Geological Evolution and Metallogeny of Finland

Synthesis of the Geological Evolution and Metallogeny of Finland

Composition of iron oxides in Archean and Paleoproterozoic mafic-ultramafic hosted Ni-Cu-PGE deposits in northern Fennoscandia: application to mineral exploration

Geochemistry of komatiites and basalts in Archean greenstone belts of Russian Karelia with emphasis on platinum-group elements

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