KnowRISK on Seismic Risk Communication: The Set-Up of a Participatory Strategy- Italy Case Study

Musacchio, Gemma; Falsaperla, S.; Solarino, Stefano; Piangiamore, Giovanna Lucia; Crescimbene, Massimo; Pino, Nicola Alessandro; Eva, Elena; Reitano, Danilo; Manzoli, Federica; Fabbri, Michele; Butturi, Maria Angela; Accardo, Mariasilvia

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78187-7_31

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is also the case because it is not the information itself that determines the action, but the way people interpret it in the context of their experiences (Rogers, 1983;Paton, 2008). Well-structured and properly disseminated hazard and risk information programs appear to engage communities and effectively influence people's actions (Asgary and Willis, 1997;Tanaka, 2005;Paton, 2007Paton, , 2008Muttarak and Lutz 2014;Musacchio et al, 2019b;2019c). Further research is needed to better understand how often risk perception studies are the backbone of targeted risk communication strategies.…”

Section: Discussion: Two Decades Of Seismic Risk Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, little attention has been paid to other potential sources of injury and loss, such as individual or community behavior (emergency or not) and nonstructural elements (collapse of ceilings, overturning of cabinets and shelves, escape routes, etc.) (e.g., Musacchio et al, 2019aMusacchio et al, , 2019bSolarino et al, 2021b).…”

Section: Discussion: Two Decades Of Seismic Risk Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe

Musacchio¹,

Saraò²,

Falsaperla³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness. Risk communication is a key tool for building resilient communities, raising awareness, and increasing preparedness. Over the past two decades, risk communication has evolved significantly. This has led to a reorientation from a predominantly “one-way”, top-down communication model to the promotion of “two-way” or “three-way” models in which people, their needs, and their participation in disaster risk management and co-creation are a central element. The reasons for this shift are many. For example, recent disaster experiences and research have highlighted that one-way, passive risk communication is poorly interpreted, often misunderstood, and can even destroy public trust in emergency management authorities. In this paper, we critically explore this transition by conducting a scoping review (n=109 publications) of seismic risk communication in Europe. We analyze the approaches, messages, tools, and channels used for seismic risk communication and how they have changed between 2000 and 2022, emphasizing how public engagement in risk communication has been de facto implemented over the past 20 years. The results reveal that the stated goals of seismic risk communication are, in decreasing order, to share information, raise awareness, change behaviors/beliefs, and increase preparedness. Pupils, students, and citizens are the primary recipients of communication activities. Over the years, two trends have emerged. First, the “two-way” or “three-way” communication models became more prevalent than the “one-way” model. Second, the aims of communication became more proactive than informative. Face to face, hands-on activities, and serious games are key tools to engage with the public. The results also reveal the emerging role of social media as an information and dissemination channel in the efforts to reach audiences that are so diverse in terms of age, culture, and education. Strikingly, only one fifth of the analyzed publications explicitly builds on or tests risk communication theories. Future research must focus particularly on comparing practices across countries and risks (e.g. earthquakes and floods) and on innovating communication theories and methodologies, especially by incorporating the role of information technologies and social media.

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Section: Discussion: Two Decades Of Seismic Risk Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion: Two Decades Of Seismic Risk Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe

Musacchio¹,

Saraò²,

Falsaperla³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The public debate concerning risk reduction is mostly set over structural vulnerability and efforts are put to building-code compliance and upgrading to safety level. A major challenge that the KnowRISK communication campaign had to face was that non-structural elements of buildings are highly unknown to the public (Musacchio et al, 2019b). Only after the Emilia seismic sequence in 2012, the need to reduce vulnerability of non-structural elements of buildings began to be more pressing so much so that Building Code published in 2018 finally included compliance requirements for some of the main non-structural elements.…”

Section: Background Framework: Challenges For the Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They might reinforce fatalist attitudes that drive community to abandon land (De Lucia et al, 2020); they might support an underestimation of minor damage -such that occurring to NSEwhich, compared to deaths and collapses, seems to have a much lower relevance. In some sense the fear towards heavy structural failure is an obstacle to the prevention of non-structural damage (Musacchio et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Background Framework: Challenges For the Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%

A protocol to communicate seismic risk in schools: design, test and assessment in Italy

Musacchio

Eva

Crescimbene

et al. 2021

Annals of Geophysics

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The best chance to achieve a future disaster-resilient society is through risk education in school: it has a great potential to strengthen capacity of communities to mitigate risks. The KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce seISmic risK through non-structural elements) project gave the opportunity to implement a risk communication campaign for schools in Portugal, Italy, and Iceland. The idea was that suitably changes in people’s knowledge and attitude can trigger best practices. Crucial to reach such target is the raise of awareness on meaningful issues. The main challenge of the campaign was how to effectively address the mitigation of the vulnerability to earthquakes of non-structural elements, which is an issue considered to be of low priority even in the building regulations of many countries around the world. The campaign stood on a communication strategy that was systematized within a protocol, for 13-15 years old students, that specifies goals, contents, learning strategy, support material, and relies on face-to- face intervention of scientists in the classroom. This protocol had training sessions bounded by assessment sessions, ex-ante and ex-post, that allowed to validate its efficacy. The training made large use of flipped learning and Episode of Situated Learning (EAS) strategy to raise student’s motivation and increase achievements. To ensure its replicability, the protocol was tested in zones matching a wide range of seismic hazard in Italy. The assessment showed the protocol be effective and ready for a wide dissemination.

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“…Students' products were assessed by 15 jury members (scientists, school teachers, pedagogists, and experts in science communication) according to the evaluation criteria of theme enhancement and content quality, creativity and capacity to develop the project idea, technical quality of the outcome, aesthetics and originality of the presentation, expressive effectiveness, interdisciplinarity of the product and its contents (see appendix for details). (Abrami et al, 2015;Uksw, 2014;Almeida and Rodrigues Franco, 2011;Osborne and Dillon, 2008). Thus, we set up a competition to prompt students to determine a course of action under the supervision of researchers and teachers, who guide them promoting the development of best practices and strong self-motivation.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic risk communication: let’s students show their own way

Piangiamore

Falsaperla²,

Eva³

et al. 2020

Annals of Geophysics

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Risk communication has been playing an increasing role in modern society and in our lives. Normally framed to prompt reduction of vulnerability to hazards, it tackles issues ranging from prevention to preparedness and addresses a variety of stakeholders, each with a specific role within a community. However, the way to have the most effective risk communication in the long run is to engage young people: they seed the roots that shape future, increase the potential impact of risk mitigation and help build community resilience. This is the vision that drives the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) intervention in the field of seismic risk education. The “Are you taking too many risks?” was a school contest that INGV carried out for the schools involved in the risk communication campaign “Know your school: be safe!” of the project KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce seISmic risK through non-structural elements) funded by the European Commission DG-ECHO. Students, within a framework of cooperative learning, were asked to develop risk communication tools, being their peers the target public. It was an experiment of public engagement in risk communication that allowed young people to express their point of view and the way they would discuss and approach risks. Cartoons, animated drawings, interviews, and videos showed the way students see risk mitigation, in the age of parkour. The details of each students’ product are a lesson learned to shape risk communication campaigns in the future.

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KnowRISK on Seismic Risk Communication: The Set-Up of a Participatory Strategy- Italy Case Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe

A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe

A protocol to communicate seismic risk in schools: design, test and assessment in Italy

Seismic risk communication: let’s students show their own way

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