Knowledge Spillovers in a Spatial Context — A Critical Review and Assessment

Karlsson, Charlie; Manduchi, Agostino

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04546-6_6

Cited by 71 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Hence knowledge spillovers are limited in geographic scope and bounded to the region where the new economic knowledge is originally created (Feldman & Audretsch 1999). The concept of knowledge spillovers is generally acknowledged as an important determinant of regional innovation dynamics (Karlsson & Manduchi 2001).…”

Section: Specialization and Diversification Externalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Marshall-Jacobs controversy: it takes two to tango

Panne¹

2006

Industrial and Corporate Change

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The literature is inconclusive as to whether Marshallian specialization or Jacobian diversification externalities favour regional innovativeness. The specialization argument poses that regional specialization towards a particular industry improves innovativeness in that industry. Regional specialization allows for knowledge to spill over among similar firms. By contrast, the diversification thesis asserts that knowledge spills over between firms in different industries, causing diversified production structures to be more innovative. Building on an original database, we address this controversy for the Netherlands. We thereby advance on the literature by providing a two-level approach, at the region's and the firm's level. At the regional level, we compare specialized with diversified regions on numbers of accommodated innovators. At the firm level, we establish causalities between externalities and degree of innovativeness. The results unambiguously suggest Marshallian externalities: specialized regions accommodate increased numbers of innovating firms and, consistently, incumbent firms' innovativeness increase with regional specialization.Once the product has been launched, innovators in diversified Jacobian regions appear to be more successful in commercial terms than innovators in specialized Marshallian regions.

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Section: Specialization and Diversification Externalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Marshall-Jacobs controversy: it takes two to tango

Panne¹

2006

Industrial and Corporate Change

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“…Among the many factors that determine the extent of business-university networking we want to test whether the geographical distance between firms and universities plays any role. The existence of such a spatial dimension in the industry-science link is greatly contested [KARLSSON and MANDUCHI, 2001]. If the knowledge transferred is sufficiently codified, firms do not in principle need to be located close to the universities they deal with.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge Transfers between Canadian Business Enterprises and Universities: Does Distance Matter?

Rosa¹,

Mohnen²

2007

Annales d'Économie et de Statistique

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This study examines whether the transfer of knowledge flows from universities to enterprises in Canada is hampered by the geographical distance that separates them. The transfer of knowledge flows are measured by the amount of R&D payments from business enterprises to universities that are directly reported in Statistics Canada's survey on Research and Development in Canadian Industry. We use data from the 1997 to 2001 surveys.After controlling for unobserved individual heterogeneity, selection bias as well as for other covariates that could affect the extent of industry-university R&D transactions such as absorptive capacity, foreign control, belonging to the same province, past experience with a given university and other firm and university characteristics, it is found that a 10% increase in distance decreases the proportion of total R&D paid to a university by 1.4 percent for enterprises that do not report any codified transfer of knowledge flow, and by half as much for enterprises that report codified knowledge flows. JEL codes: O3

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“…In association with the above question, we recognise that knowledgegenerating activities, such as R&D, exhibit a strong spatial concentration to, in particular, large urban regions in the rich countries, and that knowledge spillovers are bounded in space (Karlsson & Manduchi, 2001). This implies that there are very substantial differences between functional regions in terms of knowledge accessibility and, thus, in knowledge potential to develop new innovative firms.…”

Section: Local Processes In the Current Era Of Globalisationmentioning

confidence: 98%