Knowledge of Bovine Tuberculosis, Cattle Husbandry and Dairy Practices amongst Pastoralists and Small-Scale Dairy Farmers in Cameroon

Kelly, Robert F.; Hamman, Saidou M.; Morgan, K. L.; Nkongho, Egbe F; Ngwa, Victor Ngu; Tanya, Vincent N.; Andu, Walters N.; Sander, Melissa; Ndip, Lucy; Handel, Ian; Mazeri, Stella; Muwonge, Adrian; Bronsvoort, Barend M. deC.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146538

Cited by 44 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In fact, cattle remain in the herd for many years and therefore, are more exposed to Brucella infections than sheep. This hypothesis is in agreement with previous observations reporting that as long as infected animals remain in contact with the rest of the herd, the number of infected animals will increase [10,35,36,37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Detection of Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep from southern Cameroon

Mitterran

Barberine

Farikou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacterial of the genus Brucella. Although several investigations detected Brucella antibodies in many animal species, low attention has been paid for specific identification of different Brucella species in animals of Sub-Saharan African counties. It is in this light that this study was designed to identify Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep of several villages of southern Cameroon in order to improve our epidemiological knowledge on brucellosis in central AfricaMethods: Blood samples were collected in 597 cattle and 315 sheep of 15 villages of two regions of Cameroon. DNA was extracted from blood samples and primers amplifying bcsp31 gene enabled the identification of Brucella spp infections in domestic animals. Amongst animals found with Brucella spp infections, specific primes were used to identify B. abortus and B. melitensis respectively. Results: From 912 animals analyzed in this study, 159 (17%) were found with Brucella infections. This gives an infection rate of 20.93% (125/597) in cattle and 10.79% (34/315) in sheep respectively. Of the 159 animals harboring Brucella infections, 118 (12.93%) were infected by B. abortus and 29 (3.17%) by B. melitensis. The Brucella infection rate (20.56%) was high in animals of the Noun division compared to those (12.35%) of Yoko. Between animal species, significant differences were observed in infection rates of both abortus and B. melitensis. The difference in the B. abortus infection rates remains significant between Yoko and Noun, and especially between villages of the Noun division. Conclusion: This study revealed for the first time B. melitensis and B. abortus infections in cattle and sheep of the Noun and Yoko in the southern Cameroon. The identification of B. melitensis and B. abortus in animals suggests further investigations on human brucellosis. Results of this study highlight the need of developing and implementing control measures against brucellosis in Cameroon, especially in villages presenting high risk for Brucella infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Detection of Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep from southern Cameroon

Mitterran

Barberine

Farikou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Remarkably, B. abortus infection rate was signi cantly higher (P <0.0001; X 2 = 46.78) in cattle (17.42%) compared to sheep (1.9%) while B. melitensis was signi cantly (P =0.0008; X 2 = 29.62) more prevalent in sheep. These results could be explained by the fact that B. abortus and B. melitensis are the main etiologic agents of brucellosis in cattle and sheep, respectively [49]. Our results showing high B. abortus infection rate in cattle are in agreement with data of other African countries [12,20,25,50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Detection of Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep from southern Cameroon

Mitterran

Barberine

Farikou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacterial of the genus Brucella. Although investigations have identified Brucella antibodies in many animal species, little attention has been paid towards specific identification of different Brucella species in animals in Sub-Saharan African countries. This study was designed to identify Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep of several villages of southern Cameroon in order to improve our epidemiological knowledge on brucellosis in central AfricaMethods: Blood samples were collected from 597 cattle and 315 sheep from 15 villages of two regions of Cameroon. DNA was extracted from blood samples and primers amplifying the bcsp31 gene locus were used for the identification of Brucella spp infections in these animals. Amongst animals found with Brucella spp infections, specific primes were used to identify B. abortus and B. melitensis respectively. Results: Of the 912 animals analyzed in this study, 159 (17.4%) were infected with Brucella spp. This gives a Brucella infection rate of 20.9% in cattle and 10.8% in sheep. Of the 159 animals harboring Brucella spp infections, 119 (74.8%) were infected by B. abortus and 35 (22.0%) by B. melitensis. The overall infection rates were 18.4% (110/597) for B. abortus and 1.7% for B. melitensis in cattle; 2.9% for B. abortus and 7.9% for B. melitensis in sheep. Co-infections of B. abortus and B. melitensis were found in 9 (1%) animals; 6 (1%) cattle and 3 (1%) sheep. The Brucella infection rate was significantly higher in animals from the Noun division (20.6%) compared to those of Yoko (12.4%). Between animal species, significant differences (P = 0.0001) were observed in infection rates of both abortus and B. melitensis. Within and between sampling sites, significant differences (P = 0.02) were observed in the B. abortus infection rates. Conclusion: This study revealed B. melitensis and B. abortus infections in cattle and sheep from the Noun and Yoko divisions in southern Cameroon. The identification of B. melitensis and B. abortus in animals suggests further investigations on human brucellosis. Results of this study highlight the need of developing and implementing control measures against brucellosis in Cameroon.

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“…It has been demonstrated that cattle in contact with buffalo harbour more diverse T. parva parasite populations than cattle from populations that have no recent contact with buffalo (Oura et al, ). A recent study of cattle husbandry and dairy practices among pastoralists and small‐scale farmers in Cameroon indicates that 25% of the herds in the population studied had potentially contacted buffalo during transhumance (Kelly et al, ). This could provide an alternative explanation for the diversity observed in T. parva strains from Cameroon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection of Theileria parva in cattle from Cameroon in the absence of the main tick vector Rhipicephalus appendiculatus

Silatsa

Simo

Githaka

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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A major risk factor for the spread of livestock diseases and their vectors is the uncontrolled transboundary movement of live animals for trade and grazing. Such movements constrain effective control of tick‐transmitted pathogens, including Theileria parva. Only limited studies have been undertaken to identify ticks and tick‐borne diseases (TTBDs) affecting cattle in central African countries, including Cameroon. We hereby report the collection of baseline data on the prevalence of T. parva in Cameroon through a countrywide cross‐sectional survey, conducted in 2016, involving collection of blood samples from cattle from 63 sites across the five agro‐ecological zones (AEZs) of the country. ELISA‐based surveillance of infected cattle was performed on 479 randomly selected samples and revealed specific antibodies to T. parva in 22.7% and T. mutans in 41.1% of cattle. Screening of 1,340 representative DNA samples for the presence of T. parva identified 25 (1.86%) positives using a p104 antigen gene‐based nested PCR assay. The positives were distributed across agro‐ecological zones I, II, III and V. None of the p104 positive cattle exhibited clinical symptoms of East Coast fever (ECF). Using reverse line blot (RLB), 58 (4.3%) and 1,139 (85%) of the samples reacted with the T. parva and T. mutans oligonucleotide probes, respectively. This represents the first report of T. parva from Cameroon. Surprisingly, no Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks, the main vector of T. parva, were identified in a parallel study involving comprehensive morphological and molecular survey of tick species present in the country. Only two of the 25 p104 positive cattle were PCR‐positive for the CD8+ T‐cell target schizont‐expressed antigen gene Tp1. Cloning and sequencing of Tp1 amplicons revealed sequence identity with the reference T. parva Muguga. This new finding raises serious concerns of a potential spread of ECF into the central African region.

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Knowledge of Bovine Tuberculosis, Cattle Husbandry and Dairy Practices amongst Pastoralists and Small-Scale Dairy Farmers in Cameroon

Cited by 44 publications

References 51 publications

Detection of Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep from southern Cameroon

Detection of Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep from southern Cameroon

Detection of Brucella abortus and Brucellla melitensis in cattle and sheep from southern Cameroon

First detection of Theileria parva in cattle from Cameroon in the absence of the main tick vector Rhipicephalus appendiculatus

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