Knowledge gaps in tropical Southeast Asian seagrass systems

Ooi, Jillian Lean Sim; Kendrick, Gary A.; Niel, Kimberly P. Van; Amri, Affendi Yang

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.021

Cited by 66 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Refinement of the carbon storage estimates in the future may result in an even higher percentage of the world's total, especially for Indonesia's seagrasses, for several reasons. First, the areal coverage of Indonesia's seagrass meadows is most likely greater than 30,000 km 2 because many of the shallow coastal waters of the country's 13,466 islands remain unsurveyed (Ooi et al 2011). Green and Short (2003) themselves maintained that their figure was a likely underestimate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…At least one source (UNEP 2008) quotes a decline in Indonesian seagrass cover of 30-40 % since the 1960s and Green and Short (2003) estimate that seagrasses cover 30,000 km 2 of Indonesian seas, but there is little quantitative data. What can be said for certain is that the trend is for a decline in seagrass area (Ooi et al 2011;Short et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indonesia’s blue carbon: a globally significant and vulnerable sink for seagrass and mangrove carbon

Alongi

Murdiyarso

Fourqurean

et al. 2015

Wetlands Ecol Manage

167

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The global significance of carbon storage in Indonesia's coastal wetlands was assessed based on published and unpublished measurements of the organic carbon content of living seagrass and mangrove biomass and soil pools. For seagrasses, median above-and below-ground biomass was 0.29 and 1.13 Mg C ha -1 respectively; the median soil pool was 118.1 Mg C ha -1 . Combining plant biomass and soil, median carbon storage in an Indonesian seagrass meadow is 119.5 Mg C ha -1 . Extrapolated to the estimated total seagrass area of 30,000 km 2 , the national storage value is 368.5 Tg C. For mangroves, median above-and below-ground biomass was 159.1 and 16.7 Mg C ha -1 , respectively; the median soil pool was 774.7 Mg C ha -1 . The median carbon storage in an Indonesian mangrove forest is 950.5 Mg C ha -1 . Extrapolated to the total estimated mangrove area of 31,894 km 2 , the national storage value is 3.0 Pg C, a likely underestimate if these habitats sequester carbon at soil depths [1 m and/or sequester inorganic carbon. Together, Indonesia's seagrasses and mangroves conservatively account for 3.4 Pg C, roughly 17 % of the world's blue carbon reservoir. Continued degradation and destruction of these wetlands has important consequences for CO 2 emissions and dissolved carbon exchange with adjacent coastal waters. We estimate that roughly 29,040 Gg CO 2 (eq.) is returned annually to the atmosphere-ocean pool. This amount is equivalent to about 3.2 % of Indonesia's annual emissions associated with forest and peat land conversion. These results highlight the urgent need for blue carbon and REDD? projects as a means to stem the decline in wetland area and to mitigate the release of a significant fraction of the world's coastal carbon stores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesia’s blue carbon: a globally significant and vulnerable sink for seagrass and mangrove carbon

Alongi

Murdiyarso

Fourqurean

et al. 2015

Wetlands Ecol Manage

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Decline in seagrass species and coverage was observed worldwide [9, 10]. Combination of environmental changes such as physical parameters (temperature, salinity, and pH), natural phenomena (tidal effects, cyclone, and seasonal changes) and anthropogenic parameters has affected seagrass population [2, 11–16]. Other complex interactions such as water quality, grazers, and nutrients affect seagrass population by causing seagrass mortality [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Water Parameters on Monthly Seagrass Percentage Cover in Lawas, East Malaysia

Ahmad-Kamil

Ramli

Jaaman

et al. 2013

The Scientific World Journal

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Seagrass is a valuable marine ecosystem engineer. However, seagrass population is declining worldwide. The lack of seagrass research in Malaysia raises questions about the status of seagrasses in the country. The seagrasses in Lawas, which is part of the coral-mangrove-seagrass complex, have never been studied in detail. In this study, we examine whether monthly changes of seagrass population in Lawas occurred. Data on estimates of seagrass percentage cover and water physicochemical parameters (pH, turbidity, salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen) were measured at 84 sampling stations established within the study area from June 2009 to May 2010. Meteorological data such as total rainfall, air temperature, and Southern Oscillation Index were also investigated. Our results showed that (i) the monthly changes of seagrass percentage cover are significant, (ii) the changes correlated significantly with turbidity measurements, and (iii) weather changes affected the seagrass populations. Our study indicates seagrass percentage increased during the El-Nino period. These results suggest that natural disturbances such as weather changes affect seagrass populations. Evaluation of land usage and measurements of other water physicochemical parameters (such as heavy metal, pesticides, and nutrients) should be considered to assess the health of seagrass ecosystem at the study area.

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“…Seagrass biomass in coastal ecosystem has been reported at a regional [1][2][3] and local scale [4][5][6]. It is considered an important indicator of coastal ecosystem health, used for sustainable coastal development [7], and is used to estimate total carbon as it sequesters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change Detection of Submerged Seagrass Biomass in Shallow Coastal Water

Misbari

Hashim

2016

Remote Sensing

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Satellite remote sensing is an advanced tool used to characterize seagrass biomass and monitor changes in clear to less-turbid waters by analyzing multi-temporal satellite images. Seagrass information was extracted from the multi-temporal satellite datasets following a two-step procedure: (i) retrieval of substrate-leaving radiances; and (ii) estimation of seagrass total aboveground biomass (STAGB). Firstly, the substrate leaving radiances is determined by compensating the water column correction of the pre-processed data because of the inherent errors associated with the geometric and radiometric fidelities including atmospheric perturbations. Secondly, the seagrass leaving radiances were correlated to the corresponding in situ STAGB to predict seagrass biomass. The relationship between STAGB and cover percentage was then established for seagrass meadows occurring in Merambong, Straits of Johor, Malaysia. By applying the above-mentioned approach on Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) acquired in 2009 and Operational Land Imager (OLI) data acquired in 2013, the resulting maps indicated that submerged STAGB in less clear water can be successfully quantified empirically from Landsat data, and can be utilized in STAGB change detection over time. Data validation showed a good agreement between in situ STAGB and Landsat TM (R 2 = 0.977, p < 0.001) and OLI (R 2 = 0.975, p < 0.001) derived water leaving radiances for the studied seagrass meadows. The STAGB was estimated as 803˘0.47 kg in 2009, while it was 752.3˘0.34 kg in 2013, suggesting a decrease of 50.7 kg within the four-year interval. This could be mainly due to land reclamation in the intertidal mudflat areas performed, with a view to increase port facilities and coastal landscape development. Statistics on dugong sightings also supports changes in STAGB.

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Knowledge gaps in tropical Southeast Asian seagrass systems

Cited by 66 publications

References 85 publications

Indonesia’s blue carbon: a globally significant and vulnerable sink for seagrass and mangrove carbon

Indonesia’s blue carbon: a globally significant and vulnerable sink for seagrass and mangrove carbon

The Effects of Water Parameters on Monthly Seagrass Percentage Cover in Lawas, East Malaysia

Change Detection of Submerged Seagrass Biomass in Shallow Coastal Water

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