Knowledge, Beliefs and Attitude towards Sickle Cell Disease among Students of Kampala International University Jinja Teaching Site Uganda

Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most widespread hereditary disorders among the African lineage. SCD is associated with recurrent severe pain, increased morbidity and mortality yet has received less recognition in the public domain. Evidence of the need to increase awareness to reduce the disease incidence is increasing due to the rising incidence of this preventable disease. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, beliefs and attitude towards SCD of students at Kampala international university. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 384 university students participated in the study, and using a semi-structured questionnaire, information was collected from participants on demographic characteristics, general knowledge of SCD, and beliefs and attitudes of students towards SCD. Nearly all the students were aware of SCD (99.2%). Knowledge level of respondents on SCD based on scores revealed a mean score of 9.7± 4.5 with 65%, 30%, and 5% for poor, moderate and excellent respectively. Most of the respondents strongly agreed that they feel worried (52.9%) and sympathetic (51.3%) for people affected with SCD. Participants had the belief that it is an inherited disease acquired from parents (48.2%) but not a punishment from God (76.3%). In general, there was a limited understanding and inadequate knowledge of SCD among the students particularly on the pattern of inheritance. Results from the study highlights the need for effective public health education on SCT/SCD in trusted sources such as schools, media (radio/Television), health centres and churches. This is necessary to address misconceptions and increase knowledge level as well as an understanding of the risks of having a child with SCD to influence personal reproductive options. Keywords: Sickle cell disease, Parents, Students, Child, Preventable disease.