Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward allergic rhinitis among parents in Ningbo, China

Abstract

Background This study examined the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward allergic rhinitis (AR) among parents. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled parents of children with AR at Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital between December 2022 and March 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to collect the demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward AR. Results This study included 480 questionnaires, and 78.33% were mothers. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 13.49 ± 6.62 (possible range: 0–24), 33.99 ± 3.40 (possible range: 8–40), and 21.52 ± 3.36 (possible range: 5–26), indicating poor knowledge, positive attitudes, and proactive practice. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed living in urban areas in Ningbo outside Hangzhou Bay New Zone (OR = 4.33, 95%CI: 1.52–12.34, P = 0.006), living in rural areas in Ningbo (OR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.00-4.59, P = 0.049), being self-employed (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.00-3.95, P = 0.049), monthly income per capita ≥ 20,000 CNY (OR = 1.89, 95%CI: 1.02–3.47, P = 0.042), child with one biological sibling (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.30–0.78, P = 0.003), and ≥ 6 times hospital visits for AR (OR = 2.32, 95%CI: 1.40–3.86, P = 0.001) were independently associated with adequate knowledge. The knowledge (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.05–1.13, P < 0.001) and ≥ 6 times hospital visits for AR (OR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.06–3.22, P = 0.032) were independently associated with a positive attitude. The knowledge (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.04–1.13, P = 0.001), attitude (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.28–1.55, P < 0.001), monthly income per capita ≥ 20,000 CNY (OR = 3.59, 95%CI: 1.49–8.65, P = 0.004), no previous hospital visit for AR (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.16–0.78, P = 0.003), and ≥ 6 times hospital visits for AR (OR = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.20–0.81, P = 0.011) were independently associated with the practice scores. Conclusions The parents of children with AR had poor knowledge but positive attitudes and proactive practice toward AR. This study has identified a need for specific and reliable information initiatives to be introduced as a means of reducing parental concern and ensuring evidence-based strategies for managing children with AR.