Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Needle-Stick Injuries among Nursing Staff in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Mangalore, India

Abstract

BACKGROUND Health care workers are more prone to occupational hazards, like needlestick injuries, blood, and body fluid exposures. Needlestick injuries (NSI) are responsible for the transmission of serious infections like HIV, HBV and HCV. The occurrence of needlestick injuries is highest among the nurses. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding needlestick injuries among nursing faculty in Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Mangalore. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the nursing faculty working in a tertiary care hospital based on a structured questionnaire, and the obtained data were further analysed statistically. RESULTS The percentage of needle stick injury was 13.3 % among 75 nursing faculty. 94.7 % of the nurses were aware of the universal precaution guidelines and 84 % knew about post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). 36 % of nurses knew the preventive guidelines' full details, but 50.7 % of the nurses were unaware of it. Many participants were aware that NSI transmits HIV (92 %) and Hepatitis B (68 %). The leading cause of NSI might be heavy work (54.7 %) followed by hurried procedures (41.3 %). 29.3 % of the nurses were still inclined to recapping the needle after use. 68 % of the nurses were mindful of washing hands with only water post exposure. 28 % were not willing to report a NSI. 80 % of nurses were fully immunised against Hepatitis B. CONCLUSIONS The best way to reduce NSI is to impart knowledge and awareness to the faculty. Our study showed that the knowledge, attitude, and practice among the nursing faculty were promising but requires to be further strengthened. KEY WORDS Needlestick Injury, Nursing Staff, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice