Knowledge and remaining gaps on the role of animal and human movements in the poultry production and trade networks in the global spread of avian influenza viruses – A scoping review

Abstract

Poultry production has significantly increased worldwide, along with the number of avian influenza (AI) outbreaks and the potential threat for human pandemic emergence. The role of wild bird movements in this global spread has been extensively studied while the role of animal, human and fomite movement within commercial poultry production and trade networks remains poorly understood. The aim of this work is to better understand these roles in relation to the different routes of AI spread. A scoping literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) using a search algorithm combining twelve domains linked to AI spread and animal/human movements within poultry production and trade networks. Only 28 out of 3,978 articles retrieved dealt especially with the role of animal, human and fomite movements in AI spread within the international trade network (4 articles), the national trade network (8 articles) and the production network (16 articles). While the role of animal movements in AI spread within national trade networks has been largely identified, human and fomite movements have been considered more at risk for AI spread within national production networks. However, the role of these movements has never been demonstrated with field data, and production networks have only been partially studied and never at international level. The complexity of poultry production networks and the limited access to production and trade data are important barriers to this knowledge. There is a need to study the role of animal and human movements within poultry production and trade networks in the global spread of AI in partnership with both public and private actors to fill this gap.

A review of estimated transmission parameters for the spread of avian influenza viruses

“… 2013 ), empirical evidence from the field is lacking (Hautefeuille et al. 2020 ). In Romania, migratory birds appeared to have been responsible for the introduction of the H5N1 virus and its initial spread in the Danube Delta region in the autumn and winter of 2005, but the movement of poultry might have introduced the infection into central Romania during the spring and summer of 2006 (Ward et al.…”

“…While the role of animal movements in AIV spread within national trade networks has been largely identified, the risk from human and fomite movements is still largely unknown. Although studies have identified several possible transmission pathways for between-farm transmission, including human movements between poultry houses and other poultry farms (Ssematimba et al 2013), empirical evidence from the field is lacking (Hautefeuille et al 2020). In Romania, migratory birds appeared to have been responsible for the introduction of the H5N1 virus and its initial spread in the Danube Delta region in the autumn and winter of 2005, but the movement of poultry might have introduced the infection into central Romania during the spring and summer of 2006 (Ward et al 2008).…”

Study of anxiety and job burnout, and awareness among young anesthetists during COVID‐19 pandemic

“…And as the information network outside the hospital, the government should disclose information about the disease in time, which would achieve a good promotive and educational effect. 27 …”

Myogenic Determination and Differentiation of Chicken Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Different Inductive Agents

“…With the rapid development of the poultry industry, high-quality poultry meat products are desired by consumers. Researchers need to improve poultry meat quality by exploring the mechanism of muscle development [ 15 , 16 ]. BM-MSCs, which have the potential for myogenic differentiation, can provide critical insights to further understand the potential molecular mechanism in muscle development [ 9 ].…”