Knowledge and practice of childhood motor vehicle restraint use in Nova Scotia: Phase II

Yanchar, Natalie; Young, Julian; Langille, Donald B.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.09.029

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The high levels of knowledge in the sample are encouraging, but the lack of variance posed problems for the use of knowledge items as a scale and ultimately for their inclusion in the cluster analysis. Group 2, which had short rear-facing car safety seat use and high risk and worry, had the worst scores on the knowledge questions as a whole, indicating that legislation combined with marketing and education may improve use of rear-facing car safety seats for this group, as was true with a Canadian study of policy change (Yanchar, Young, & Langille, 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Car Seat Safety: Typologies of Protective Health and Safety Behaviors for Mothers in West Virginia

Thornton

Deb

Murray

et al. 2016

Matern Child Health J

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Objective Parenting practices differ for a variety of reasons, and three parenting behaviors may be directly influenced by research, policy, and overall parenting trends: car safety seats, vaccination, and breastfeeding. Mothers were categorized in terms of their rear-facing car safety seat utilization and its relationship to other parental health and safety behaviors. Methods A cross-sectional, online survey of mothers of children under 3 years of age (n=124) was conducted. Items assessed mother’s perceived risk and worry about being in an automobile accident, as well as duration of rear-facing car seat utilization. A cluster analysis based on these variables was performed to differentiate the sample into four distinct groups. Outcomes were knowledge of car safety seats, breastfeeding duration, and adherence to vaccination schedules. Results The sample was predominantly White, had an average age of 32 years, had breastfed, and had at least some college education. Two groups of interest had (Group 1) long duration of rear-facing use with low perceived risk and worry and (Group 2) short use with high perceived risk and worry. Fisher’s Exact test indicated Group 1 had higher knowledge of airbag use with car seats (p=0.035), lower intentions to use the recommended vaccinations schedule (p=0.005), and were more likely to breastfeed (p=0.044) for longer duration (p=0.012). Conclusion Propensity for mothers’ risk aversion may be the crucial element in both an appropriate duration of rear-facing car safety seat use and refusal of recommended vaccination schedule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Car Seat Safety: Typologies of Protective Health and Safety Behaviors for Mothers in West Virginia

Thornton

Deb

Murray

et al. 2016

Matern Child Health J

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“…Delivery of this type of messaging would also be essential in the event of a change in booster seat legislation, as it has been shown that social marketing campaigns occurring concurrently with legislation changes can enhance the legislative effect. 24 This may also work to increase the speed at which booster seat use is accepted as a social norm, an identified predictor of an intention to use a booster seat. 24,25 National recommendations stress that no child under the age of 9 years should be seated in the front.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 This may also work to increase the speed at which booster seat use is accepted as a social norm, an identified predictor of an intention to use a booster seat. 24,25 National recommendations stress that no child under the age of 9 years should be seated in the front. 1 All children observed in the front seat in our survey who were not riding in a pickup truck (n = 9) could have been seated in the rear, as there was space available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of booster seat use in Alberta, Canada

Golonka

Dobbs

Rowe

et al. 2016

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of booster seat misuse in a Canadian province and identify determinants of non-use. METHODS:A cross-sectional study using parking lot interviews and in-vehicle restraint inspections by trained staff was conducted at 67 randomly selected childcare centres across Alberta. Only booster-eligible children were included in this analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression. RESULTS:Overall, 23% of children were not in a booster seat, and in 31.8% of cases there was evidence of at least one misuse. Non-use increased significantly by age, from 22.2% for children 2 years of age to 47.8% for children 7 years of age (p = 0.02). Children who were at significantly increased risk of booster seat non-use were those in vehicles with drivers who could not recall the booster seat to seatbelt transition point (OR: 4.54; 95% CI: 2.05-10.06) or drivers who were under the age of 30 (OR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.45-8.62). A front row seating position was also associated with significantly higher risk of nonuse (OR: 18.00; 95% CI: 2.78-116.56). Children in vehicles with grandparent drivers exhibited significantly decreased risk of booster seat non-use (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.05-0.85). CONCLUSION:Messaging should continue to stress that the front seat is not a safe place for any child under the age of 9 as well as remind drivers of the booster seat to seatbelt transition point, with additional emphasis placed on appealing to parents under the age of 30. Future research should focus on the most effective means of communicating booster seat information to this group. Enacting mandatory booster seat legislation would be an important step to increase both awareness and proper use of booster seats in Alberta.KEY WORDS: Child restraint systems; seatbelts; booster seats; car seats La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.Can J Public Health 2016;107(2):e155-e160 doi: 10.17269/CJPH.107.5254F or children to travel safely in an automobile, specialized restraint devices are required. Canadian guidelines state that in order to keep children safe in the vehicle they must be in a rear-facing seat until they weigh at least 22 lbs (10 kg), a forwardfacing seat until they weigh at least 40 lbs (18 kg) and a booster seat until they weigh at least 80 lbs (36 kg). 1 Parents are encouraged to keep children within each stage as long as possible, according to either these guidelines or the instructions specific to their seat. 1 In keeping with these national guidelines, all Canadian provinces with the exception of Alberta have enacted mandatory legislation addressing all three seat types and transition points. In Alberta, rear-facing and forward-facing seats are required by law, whereas booster seat use until at least 80 lbs (36 kg) carries a recommendation only. 2 Booster seats reposition the height and angle of the seatbelt tightly across the chest and lower on the waist, increasing protection from injury and death in the event of...

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“…A more recent study conducted by Yanchar et al examined shifts in knowledge and practice of restraint use after the implementation of new booster seat legislation. Researchers found that the reported appropriate use of booster seats increased significantly (58% to 95%) post-legislative periods (13). After adjusting for covariates, the post-legislation period remained a significant predictor of proper booster seat use and knowledge of when to graduate from a forward-facing car seat to a booster seat or seat belt alone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Promoting booster seat use for young children: A school-based intervention pilot study

Bruce

Mundle

Cramm

et al. 2017

Paediatrics &Amp; Child Health

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Purpose: Misuse and/or lack of booster seat use are often associated with high rates of injury and death among school-aged children. This pilot study examined the efficacy and the potential effectiveness of a booster seat intervention in the classroom. Methods: Two elementary schools participated (randomly assigned as one intervention school and one control school). At the intervention school, a certified car seat specialist and a police officer held an interactive booster seat session. The height and age for each child were recorded. Children received a certificate indicating whether they met the requirements for booster seat use and a postcard with car seat restraint specifications. Children in the control school received a brochure on car seat safety. Pre-and post-intervention self-reports were collected and booster seat use was observed. Results: Observational findings showed a decline in booster seat use at the control school and an increase in use at the intervention school. Self-reports of booster seat use indicated a decline at both schools; however, cell sizes were too small to permit statistical analyses. Conclusion: Anecdotally researchers found the sessions were easy to conduct and were well received by the children and could be easily integrated into programming in schools. Classroom sessions may have the potential to positively influence booster seat use among 6-to 8-year-olds. Keywords: Booster seats; Child passenger safety; Evaluation; School intervention.Motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of death for Canadian children under the age of 9 years (1). The correct use of child passenger safety seats can reduce a child's risk of mortality from a motor vehicle crash by 74%, while risk of serious injury can be decreased by 67% (2). For elementary school children between the ages of 4 and 8 years, booster seats are reported to be more effective in preventing injury and death than seat belts alone in the event of a collision (3-5). However, despite the safety advantages, the most recent Transport Canada Survey identified school-aged children (4 to 8 years old) as having the lowest rates of correct safety seat use, at less than 40% (6). Self-report surveys revealed that 31% of Canadian families use their booster seats less than 100% of the time, with 52% of these families using them less than 80% of the time (7). A recent observational study in Nova Scotia that reported incorrect restraint use found that those children using only a seat belt constituted the greatest proportion of incorrect restraints (8). Despite prior efforts to inform parents of the injury prevention benefits of booster seat use, there still remains a significant number of inadequately restrained children among the 4-to 8-year age group.The rationale behind the effectiveness of booster seats for young children as compared with seat belts, is that seat belts are designed for an adult body, increasing the risk of injury among children in the event of a crash (9). Booster seats can reduce the risk of injury by 59% when ...

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Knowledge and practice of childhood motor vehicle restraint use in Nova Scotia: Phase II

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Car Seat Safety: Typologies of Protective Health and Safety Behaviors for Mothers in West Virginia

Car Seat Safety: Typologies of Protective Health and Safety Behaviors for Mothers in West Virginia

Prevalence and predictors of booster seat use in Alberta, Canada

Promoting booster seat use for young children: A school-based intervention pilot study

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