Knowledge and Performance in Knowledge-Worker Teams: A Longitudinal Study of Transactive Memory Systems

Lewis, Kyle

doi:10.1287/mnsc.1040.0257

Cited by 555 publications

(583 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Furthermore, prior research suggests that such networks yield better results in various tasks than networks without that organizational memory (Rulke et al 2000;Lewis 2004;Austin 2003). The reason for transactive systems' superiority is their members' propensity to enrich the knowledge and the competences of other incumbents (Argote 2015).…”

Section: Network Knowledge and Transactive Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Embedding of Transnational Entrepreneurs in Diaspora Networks: Leveraging the Assets of Foreignness

2017

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The Strathprints institutional repository (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) is a digital archive of University of Strathclyde research outputs. It has been developed to disseminate open access research outputs, expose data about those outputs, and enable the management and persistent access to Strathclyde's intellectual output. Abstract In this paper we examine how foreign actors capitalize on their ethnic identity to gain skills and capabilities that enable them to operate in a new and strange environment. We explore the mechanisms by which Bulgarian entrepreneurs in London use their ethnic identity to develop competitive advantage and business contacts. We find that the entrepreneurs studied gain access to a diaspora network, which enables them to develop essential business capabilities and integrate knowledge from both home and host country environments. The diaspora community possesses a collective asset (transactive memory) that allows its members to remove competition from the interfirm level to the network level (i.e., diaspora networks vs. networks of native businesspeople). Additionally, the cultural identity and networks to which community members have access provide bridging capabilities that allow diaspora businesspeople to make links to host country business partners and thus embed themselves in the host country environment. Thus, this paper adds to the growing body of work showing how foreignness can serve as an asset in addition to its better-known role as a liability. RESEARCH ARTICLE

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Section: Network Knowledge and Transactive Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Embedding of Transnational Entrepreneurs in Diaspora Networks: Leveraging the Assets of Foreignness

2017

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“…Articulation of understanding (Zollo and Winter 2002) to demonstrate credibility of expertise (Lewis 2004). …”

Section: Transformation Of Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinating Expertise Across Knowledge Boundaries in Offshore-Outsourcing Projects: The Role of Codification

Kotlarsky¹,

Scarbrough²,

Oshri³

2014

MISQ

112

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“…Shared mental models provide a common framework for performance of individual task duties in a way that is ultimately compatible and serves as a valuable lens for interpreting changes in the performance environment (Marks, Zaccaro, & Mathieu, 2000). Similarly, transactive memory has been linked to team performance (Austin, 2003;Hollingshead, 1998;Lewis, 2004; Moreland & Myakovsky, 2000;Pearsall & Ellis, 2006). Social and organizational scientists have reasoned that over the course of interaction, team members develop a collective system for encoding, storing, and retrieving information (Hollingshead, 1998;Liang et al, 1995;Moreland & Myaskovsky, 2000), which then enables teams to efficiently use information and allocate tasks (Austin, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The cognitive underpinnings of effective teamwork: A meta-analysis.

DeChurch

Mesmer‐Magnus

2010

Journal of Applied Psychology

754

729

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Major theories of team effectiveness position emergent collective cognitive processes as central drivers of team performance. We meta-analytically cumulated 231 correlations culled from 65 independent studies of team cognition and its relations to teamwork processes, motivational states, and performance outcomes. We examined both broad relationships among cognition, behavior, motivation, and performance, as well as 3 underpinnings of team cognition as potential moderators of these relationships. Findings reveal there is indeed a cognitive foundation to teamwork; team cognition has strong positive relationships to team behavioral process, motivational states, and team performance. Meta-analytic regressions further indicate that team cognition explains significant incremental variance in team performance after the effects of behavioral and motivational dynamics have been controlled. The nature of emergence, form of cognition, and content of cognition moderate relationships among cognition, process, and performance, as do task interdependence and team type. Taken together, these findings not only cumulate extant research on team cognition but also provide a new interpretation of the impact of underlying dimensions of cognition as a way to frame and extend future research. Keywords: team cognition, mental model, transactive memory, shared cognition, meta-analysisWinning is about having the whole team on the same page.-Bill WaltonIf everyone is thinking alike, then somebody isn't thinking.-George PattonThe reality for many organizations today is that work has become complex enough to require the use of teams at all hierarchical levels. Organizational success hinges upon the ability of teams to collaborate effectively and work efficiently toward solving complex problems. Therefore, understanding how information is collectively processed has become critical (Hinsz, Tindale, & Vollrath, 1997). As the opening quotes illustrate, there are commonly held beliefs that effective teamwork requires members to hold similar cognitive structures, and also those suggesting distinctive knowledge configurations are key. Consistent with these commonsense views of cognition, researchers have invoked constructs such as shared mental models (Cannon-Bowers, Salas, & Converse, 1993) and transactive memory systems (Moreland, Argote, & Krishnan, 1996) to examine the role of emergent collective cognition in team functioning. Since the early 1990s, investigators have attempted to uncover the importance of collective cognition using a variety of conceptualizations, empirical methods, and research strategies. Despite this substantial progress, the substantive and methodological differences across studies present a challenge for discerning a clear pattern of relationships in a way that enables research in this area to move forward (CannonBowers & Salas, 2001).In the current study, we used meta-analysis to empirically organize prior work on the basis of underlying dimensions of cognition, team features, and study characteristics. In doing so, we h...

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Knowledge and Performance in Knowledge-Worker Teams: A Longitudinal Study of Transactive Memory Systems

Cited by 555 publications

References 34 publications

The Embedding of Transnational Entrepreneurs in Diaspora Networks: Leveraging the Assets of Foreignness

The Embedding of Transnational Entrepreneurs in Diaspora Networks: Leveraging the Assets of Foreignness

Coordinating Expertise Across Knowledge Boundaries in Offshore-Outsourcing Projects: The Role of Codification

The cognitive underpinnings of effective teamwork: A meta-analysis.

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