Knowledge and attitude toward Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever in occupationally at-risk Iranian healthcare workers

Rahnavardi, Mohammad; Rajaeinejad, Mohsen; Pourmalek, Farshad; Mardani, Masoud; Holakouie-Naieni, Kourosh; Dowlatshahi, Shad

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2008.02.007

Cited by 35 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The most important factor in controlling the epidemic in Iran was providing persons and physicians with information about routes of transmission. 10 Symptoms typically include high fever, headache, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia, nausea, abdominal pain, and non-bloody diarrhea. 11 The hemorrhagic period is short (usually 2-3 days), develops rapidly, and usually begins between the third and fifth days of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus as a Nosocomial Pathogen in Iran

Mardani¹,

Keshtkar-Jahromi²,

Ataie³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral disease with several different modes of transmission. We describe the manifestations, outcome, and likely modes of transmission for three nosocomial cases. All threee cases were healthcare workers (two men and one woman). They had fever, myalgia, and petechia. Disseminated intravascular coagulation resulted in the death occurred in the woman. Because this disease is manifested with non-specific influenzalike symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult. Data for these patients can be used to investigate airborne or sexual transmission of this virus, although neither route was substantiated for these patients. Use of universal precautions and early case detection are the most helpful strategy for preventing nosocomial transmission of CCHF.Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease that has been reported in more than 30 countries in Africa, Asia, southeastern Europe, and the Middle East.1 It was first described in the Crimea in 1944. Later, a virus isolated from the Congo was identified as the same virus, resulting in the name Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV).2 Infection with CCHFV is manifested as an acute viral disease (fever, myalgia, and arthralgia) and in severe cases, hemorrhagic manifestations may ensue. It is transmitted mainly through tick bite or animal contact but repeatedly has caused nosocomial outbreaks.3-7 Human-to-human transmission occurs by infected blood or secretions, but airborne transmission of the disease has not been documented. 8 We describe the manifestations and outcomes in three confirmed cases of CCHF in healthcare workers in Iran. The risk factors and routes of transmission in a hospital setting are discussed. INDEX CASE 1On August 2, 1999, a 55-year-old man (a shepherd) was referred to the emergency room of a hospital with hematemesis. He had a history of animal contact. Epistaxis developed after a nasogastric tube was inserted in an attempt to control gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Unfortunately, he died of intractable GI bleeding and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) four days later. SECONDARY CASE 1On August 16, 1999, a 32 -year -old man (a physician) came to a clinic in Shahrekord in central Iran with severe headache, malaise, fever, vomiting, and diarrhea for one week. Petechiae, epistaxis and gum bleeding then developed, which resulted in his referral to the clinic. He was admitted to a hospital and treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. There was no history of recent travel or contact with domestic animals. It was later discovered that he had been in contact with index case 1, who had died of severe GI bleeding two weeks before his first symptoms. The index case had coughed and splashed blood on the physician's face while he was trying to insert a nasogastric tube. Physical examination showed right cervical lymphadenopathy and a palpable spleen, but the patient was not febrile. Laboratory examinations showed leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, increased levels of aminotransferase...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus as a Nosocomial Pathogen in Iran

Mardani¹,

Keshtkar-Jahromi²,

Ataie³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…2,10,11,16,19 The inadequacy in knowledge may partially be due to the fact that 88% of the participants had never encountered a CCHF patient before. 80% rated their knowledge to be insufficient and 71% of our respondents revealed that they did not feel confident while managing a patient of CCHF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: knowledge and practices of doctors at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore

Shahid

Daud

2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal yet preventable zoonotic haemorrhagic disease which has consumed the lives of many health care workers in different regions of Pakistan over the past few years. There is neither a specific therapy nor an effective vaccine for the disease, which makes prevention the most rational approach towards CCHF. Hence, our main objective in this study was to determine the knowledge and practices of doctors regarding Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Lahore.Methods: Non-probability convenience sampling was used to recruit the study sample (N=136). A structured questionnaire was used to collect data comprising of 35 multiple response questions pertaining to demographic information and knowledge and practice of the respondents regarding CCHF. Descriptive statistics was used to present data as numbers and percentage.Results: The study participants included 46 house officers, 69 post-graduate trainee/medical officers and 21 consultants. Among the respondents, 80% rated their knowledge regarding CCHF to be insufficient and 71% revealed that they did not feel confident while managing a patient of CCHF. While managing patients with active haemorrhage, 32% of our respondents either never or only sometimes used personal protective equipment. Nearly all study participants (93%) expressed the desire to acquire more education on CCHF in future.Conclusions: Knowledge of doctors regarding CCHF and compliance in terms of standard infection control protocols were inadequate.

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“…Araştırmamıza katılan sağlık personelinin yarısından çoğu kendisini KKKA ile ilgili yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadığını düşünse de bilgi puanları ortalamaları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bilgi düzeyle-rinin araştırmada alınabilecek maksimum puan olan 27 puanın ya- İran'da yapılan çalışmada sağlık personelinin KKKA ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin beklenenden az olduğu ve sağlık personelinin en fazla sayıda doğru yanıtı hastalığın bulaş yolları ve korunma yön-temleri ile ilgili sorulara verdiği bildirildi (12). Pakistan'da ise sağ-lık personelinin KKKA ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin düşük olduğu ve sadece %8.0'inin bilgi düzeyinin KKKA hastasını tedavi edebilmek için yeterli olduğu bulundu (13).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Katılımcıların bilgi düzeyleri ülkemizde yapılan çalışmalara göre daha düşük ama İran ve Pakistan'da yapılan çalışmalara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (12,13). Bu sonuç ülkemizde KKKA konusunda sağlık personelinin belirli bir bilgi birikimine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Knowledge and Attitudes of Healthcare Workers in Umraniye, Turkey Regarding Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

Hıdıroğlu¹,

Önsüz²,

Topuzoğlu³

et al. 2012

Erciyes Med J

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ÖZET Objective:The study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers in primary health care centres regarding Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Umraniye. Material and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from July-August 2008 in 18 primary healthcare centres in the Umraniye Provincial Health Directorate. The study sample was not selected and we approached 229 healthcare workers working in these primary health care centres; 144 participants (62.8%) completed the study. Study data were collected using a three-part questionnaire including 35 questions. The data were evaluated by descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results:Of the participants (72.2% women), 68.7% thought they had sufficient knowledge about the disease. 99.3% knew the aetiological factor of CCHF is a virus, and 92.4% specified that people who go picnicking and camping without protection are a risk group. The mean CCHF knowledge points was 17.48±3.37; the mean score of doctors (18.31±3.24) was significantly higher that that of nurses (17.01±3.36, p<0.05). 72.2% thought caring for a CCHF patient was a high risk task. Conclusion:The knowledge level of healthcare workers was found to be low compared to other studies performed in Turkey. The knowledge level of doctors was higher than that of nurses. In general, the answers of healthcare workers on the attitude questions were negative.

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Knowledge and attitude toward Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever in occupationally at-risk Iranian healthcare workers

Cited by 35 publications

References 14 publications

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus as a Nosocomial Pathogen in Iran

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus as a Nosocomial Pathogen in Iran

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: knowledge and practices of doctors at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore

Knowledge and Attitudes of Healthcare Workers in Umraniye, Turkey Regarding Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

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