Knoevenagel condensation of diethylmalonate with aldehydes catalyzed by immobilized bovine serum albumin (BSA)

A one-step method for covalent bond immobilization of biomolecules on silica operated in aqueous solution

“…4 ). Immobilization of bovine serum albumin (BSA), which is used in diverse sensor and catalysis applications, 10 on silica using both the one-step and the grafting method were carried out. As expected, BSA@Si , generated using the one-step method has a much higher degree of loading (135 μg) than does g-BSA@Si (28 μg).…”

Stimuli-responsive aggregation-induced fluorescence in a series of biphenyl-based Knoevenagel products: effects of substituent active methylene groups on π–π interactions

“…6(c) and 6( f )]. At highly acidic and neutral pH, compounds 1a and 1b aggregate easily, resulting in fluorescence turn-on, whereas in highly alkaline media they remain in solution due to the formation of carbanions according to the mechanism proposed by Ramesh et al (2014), hence fluorescence is switched off. The overall fluorescence on-off process can be summarized in Scheme II, which shows a schematic representation of the aggregation-deaggregation mechanism of biphenyl-based organic fluorophores, resulting in on-off fluorescence under acidic and basic conditions.…”

Albumin as a promiscuous biocatalyst in organic synthesis

“…The reaction gave high yields and the catalyst could easily be recycled up to ve times by ltration of the reaction mixture. 49 Usually a large excess of diethylmalonate is used to avoid aldehyde self-condensation; however, under these reaction conditions only 1.2 equivalents are enough to ensure high yields of the desired product.…”