Knocking Out MicroRNA Genes in Rice with CRISPR-Cas9

Molecular evolution and functional modification of plant miRNAs with CRISPR

“…In addition, many natural Cas proteins and optimized Cas variants have been employed to improve the targeting specificity and broaden the targeting range [84][85][86][87][88][89]. Therefore, CRISPR/Cas is becoming the most popular system in biotechnological applications due to its accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness [7,8,10,18,30,32,80,90,91].…”

“…The CRISPR/Cas system is an advanced technology for gene editing based on endonucleases, which has revolutionized biotechnology in life sciences, medical sciences, and agriculture [6,7]. Due to the high efficiency and cost-effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas systems [8][9][10][11], they are now widely employed in gene editing of arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) [12,13] and many important crops such as rice (Oryza sativa) [14][15][16][17][18], tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) [19,20], maize (Zea mays) [21,22], wheat (Triticum aestivum) [23], cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) [24][25][26], and potato (Solanum tuberosum) [27], as well as early-divergent land plants such as the liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha [28], and the model moss, Physcomitrium patens [29]. In addition to gene editing, an increasing number of reports reveal that CRISPR/Cas systems are also being widely employed in base editing, gene regulation, epigenetic editing, chromatin engineering, and imaging [30,31].…”