Knockdown of long non-coding RNA SOX21-AS1 attenuates amyloid-β-induced neuronal damage by sponging miR-107

Xu, Wanru; Li, Kai; Fan, Qian; Zong, Biyun; Han, Ling

doi:10.1042/bsr20194295

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These findings are supported by the Aβ-induced increase in SOX21-AS1, a lncRNA, which then acts as a miR-107 sponge in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. This downregulation of miR-107 leads to apoptosis and increased tau phosphorylation, which are partially recovered by SOX21-AS1 depletion (136). This paradigm of Aβ induction of lncRNAs and suppression of miR107 was recapitulated for the lncRNA NEAT1 in neuroblastoma cells (137).…”

Section: Mir-107mentioning

confidence: 90%

Extracellular RNA in Alzheimer’s disease

Hicks¹

2021

ExRNA

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RNA was once thought to have an exclusively intracellular localisation, yet recent discoveries have upended this dogma (1). Various populations of RNA have been discovered in the extracellular milieu, collectively termed exRNA. These RNA subtypes include both protein-coding RNA (mRNA), alongside a multitude of non-coding RNAs, namely microRNAs (miRNA), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), transfer RNA (tRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and piwiinteracting RNAs (piRNAs) (2). However, the presence of ribonucleases renders the extracellular environment unfavourable for RNA (3). As such, protection against degradation is afforded in two main ways. Firstly, RNA can be bound in ribonucleoprotein complexes, such as that of Argonaute2 and miRNAs (4). Less frequently RNA can be found as part of lipoprotein complexes (5). Secondly, RNAs can be transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs) (6-8). EVsComprehensive overviews of EV biogenesis and release have been recently published (9-11). However, in brief, EV is an umbrella term encompassing a heterogeneous assortment of vesicular species released from cells (Figure 1). These can be broadly categorised into exosomes and microvesicles (MVs) (10), although some investigators prefer ectosome as an alternative nomenclature for the latter (9,12). The term exosome was originally used to

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Section: Mir-107mentioning

confidence: 90%

Extracellular RNA in Alzheimer’s disease

Hicks¹

2021

ExRNA

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“…Besides BACE1-AS, other lncRNAs such as XIST (through miR-124), NEAT1 (which bind miR-124 and miR-107) and SOX21-AS1 (targeting miR-107) may regulate BACE1 mRNA levels in AD cell and mouse models [ 27 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. This highlights the complexity of BACE1 regulation in AD being mediated by several ceRNA networks.…”

Section: Cerna Network and Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing Endogenous RNA Networks as Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Moreno-García

López-Royo

Calvo

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Protein aggregation is classically considered the main cause of neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). However, increasing evidence suggests that alteration of RNA metabolism is a key factor in the etiopathogenesis of these complex disorders. Non-coding RNAs are the major contributor to the human transcriptome and are particularly abundant in the central nervous system, where they have been proposed to be involved in the onset and development of NDDs. Interestingly, some ncRNAs (such as lncRNAs, circRNAs and pseudogenes) share a common functionality in their ability to regulate gene expression by modulating miRNAs in a phenomenon known as the competing endogenous RNA mechanism. Moreover, ncRNAs are found in body fluids where their presence and concentration could serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers of NDDs. In this review, we summarize the ceRNA networks described in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinocerebellar ataxia type 7, and discuss their potential as biomarkers of these NDDs. Although numerous studies have been carried out, further research is needed to validate these complex interactions between RNAs and the alterations in RNA editing that could provide specific ceRNET profiles for neurodegenerative disorders, paving the way to a better understanding of these diseases.

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“…IAβ 1–42 -treated SH-SY5Y cells show increased expression of the lncRNA SOX21 antisense RNA1 (SOX21-AS1) and decreased expression of miR-107 (Xu et al, 2020a ). SOX21-AS1 acts as a sponge for miR-107, whereas silenced SOX21-AS1 attenuates Aβ 1–42 , mediated p-Tau levels, and SH-SY5Y cell viability by sponging miR-107, thus suggesting a possible role in AD therapeutics (Xu et al, 2020a ).…”

Section: Ndd-related Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Noncoding RNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathogenesis and Potential Implications as Clinical Biomarkers

Zhang

Bian

2021

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are progressive and ultimately fatal. NDD onset is influenced by several factors including heredity and environmental cues. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA molecules with: (i) lengths greater than 200 nucleotides, (ii) diverse biological functions, and (iii) highly conserved structures. They directly interact with molecules such as proteins and microRNAs and subsequently regulate the expression of their targets at the genetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. Emerging studies indicate the important roles of lncRNAs in the progression of neurological diseases including NDDs. Additionally, improvements in detection technologies have enabled quantitative lncRNA detection and application to circulating fluids in clinical settings. Here, we review current research on lncRNAs in animal models and patients with NDDs. We also discuss the potential applicability of circulating lncRNAs as biomarkers in NDD diagnostics and prognostics. In the future, a better understanding of the roles of lncRNAs in NDDs will be essential to exploit these new therapeutic targets and improve noninvasive diagnostic methods for diseases.

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Knockdown of long non-coding RNA SOX21-AS1 attenuates amyloid-β-induced neuronal damage by sponging miR-107

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Extracellular RNA in Alzheimer’s disease

Extracellular RNA in Alzheimer’s disease

Competing Endogenous RNA Networks as Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Long Noncoding RNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathogenesis and Potential Implications as Clinical Biomarkers

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