“…Moreover, currently, GCN, as an excellent deep learning algorithm, has rarely been adopted in the landslide area. Recently, owing to precision and universality advantages, a few studies applied it to predict landslide displacements (Jiang et al, 2022;Khalili et al, 2023;Ma et al, 2021), to evaluate landslide susceptibility (Du et al, 2021;Wang, Du, et al, 2023;Xia et al, 2024), or to detect landslides (Li et al, 2023). In this work, GCN is for the first time employed to forecast deformation stages of a landslide.…”