Knema retusa is antibacterial and antibiofilm against antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. haemolyticus isolated in bovine mastitis

Chuprom, Julalak; Kidsin, Kamchai; Sangkanu, Suthinee; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot; Wiart, Christophe; Pereira, Maria de Lourdes; Wongtawan, Tuempong; Daus, Mareena; Saeloh, Dennapa; Tipmanee, Varomyalin; Paul, Alok Kumar; Scholfield, Charles Norman; Zulkipli, Masyitah Binti; Abdullah, Nor Hayati; Mitsuwan, Watcharapong

doi:10.1007/s11259-022-09999-0

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Ajose et al 2023, have recently reviewed ethnoveterinary medicinal plants and ethnoveterinary medicinal products utilised in dairy and livestock farming to combat mastitis, with the most prominent plants as Becium obovatum , Malva parviflora , Brucea antidysenterica , Acorus calamus L., Triticum sp, Arachis hypogeam , Peganum harmala , Citrus limon , Withania somnifera and others [ 8 ]. Among plant extracts, Sorghum phenol extract [ 5 ], sweet orange peel ( Citrus sinensis ), pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) [ 22 , 23 ], indian screw tree ( Helicteres isora ) [ 24 ], lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis ), a specie of laurel wood ( Knema retusa ) [ 25 ] and olive [ 13 ] extracts demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity against different S. aureus strains including other BM-associated pathogens. After in vitro disc diffusion assays from recent studies, the authors have reported the inhibitory zones against S. aureus significant average zones ranging from 22 to 31 mm [ 24 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After in vitro disc diffusion assays from recent studies, the authors have reported the inhibitory zones against S. aureus significant average zones ranging from 22 to 31 mm [ 24 , 26 ]. The Knema retusa extract (KRe) showed significant antibacterial effects at observed MIC between 32 and 256 ug/mL and MBC between 64 and 512 ug/mL against S. aureus and S. haemolyticus , inhibiting biofilm formation and bacterial surface adherence [ 25 ]. In an earlier investigation, a natural antimicrobial mixture of organic acids, citrus and olive extracts was assessed for its anti-staphylococcal activity [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mechanistic role of natural antimicrobials in preventing Staphylococcus aureus invasion of MAC-T cells using an in vitro mastitis model

Balta,

McCleery,

David

et al. 2024

Ir Vet J

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Background Starting primarily as an inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis is frequently driven by infectious agents such as Staphylococcus aureus. Mastitis has a large economic impact globally, which includes diagnostic, treatment, and the production costs not to mention the potential milk contamination with antimicrobial residues. Currently, mastitis prevention and cure depends on intramammary infusion of antimicrobials, yet, their overuse risks engendering resistant pathogens, posing further threats to livestock. Methods In our study we aimed to investigate, in vitro, using bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T), the efficacy of the AuraShield an antimicrobial mixture (As) in preventing S. aureus attachment, internalisation, and inflammation. The antimicrobial mixture (As) included: 5% maltodextrin, 1% sodium chloride, 42% citric acid, 18% sodium citrate, 10% silica, 12% malic acid, 9% citrus extract and 3% olive extract (w/w). Results and discussion Herein we show that As can significantly reduce both adherence and invasion of MAC-T cells by S. aureus, with no impact on cell viability at all concentrations tested (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1%) compared with untreated controls. The anti-apoptotic effect of As was achieved by significantly reducing cellular caspase 1, 3 and 8 activities in the infected MAC-T cells. All As concentrations were proven to be subinhibitory, suggesting that Ac can reduce S. aureus virulence without bacterial killing and that the effect could be dual including a host modulation effect. In this context, we show that As can reduce the expression of S. aureus clumping factor (ClfB) and block its interaction with the host Annexin A2 (AnxA2), resulting in decreased bacterial adherence in infection of MAC-T cells. Moreover, the ability of As to block AnxA2 had a significant decreasing effect on the levels of pro inflammatory cytokine released upon S. aureus interaction with MAC-T cells. Conclusion The results presented in this study indicate that mixtures of natural antimicrobials could potentially be considered an efficient alternative to antibiotics in treating S. aureus induced mastitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanistic role of natural antimicrobials in preventing Staphylococcus aureus invasion of MAC-T cells using an in vitro mastitis model

Balta,

McCleery,

David

et al. 2024

Ir Vet J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, the mammary gland is susceptible to colonization by other pathogens such as Streptococcus spp., E. coli , and coliform species, leading to parenchymal inflammation and disease. Mastitis can manifest in subclinical and clinical forms, impacting milk characteristics, quality, and sanitation, while also contaminating milking instruments, increasing the risk of zoonosis [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 75 ].…”

Section: Current Understanding Of Biofilm Formation In Animal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Approaches for Mitigating Biofilm-Formation-Associated Infections in Farm, Wild, and Companion Animals

Araújo,

Silva,

Fernandes

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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The importance of addressing the problem of biofilms in farm, wild, and companion animals lies in their pervasive impact on animal health and welfare. Biofilms, as resilient communities of microorganisms, pose a persistent challenge in causing infections and complicating treatment strategies. Recognizing and understanding the importance of mitigating biofilm formation is critical to ensuring the welfare of animals in a variety of settings, from farms to the wild and companion animals. Effectively addressing this issue not only improves the overall health of individual animals, but also contributes to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture, wildlife conservation, and responsible pet ownership. This review examines the current understanding of biofilm formation in animal diseases and elucidates the complex processes involved. Recognizing the limitations of traditional antibiotic treatments, mechanisms of resistance associated with biofilms are explored. The focus is on alternative therapeutic strategies to control biofilm, with illuminating case studies providing valuable context and practical insights. In conclusion, the review highlights the importance of exploring emerging approaches to mitigate biofilm formation in animals. It consolidates existing knowledge, highlights gaps in understanding, and encourages further research to address this critical facet of animal health. The comprehensive perspective provided by this review serves as a foundation for future investigations and interventions to improve the management of biofilm-associated infections in diverse animal populations.

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Staphylococcus haemolyticus: An updated review on nosocomial infections, antimicrobial resistance, virulence, genetic traits, and strategies for combating this emerging opportunistic pathogen

Rossi,

Ahmad,

Giambiagi-deMarval

2024

Microbiological Research

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Knema retusa is antibacterial and antibiofilm against antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. haemolyticus isolated in bovine mastitis

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

The mechanistic role of natural antimicrobials in preventing Staphylococcus aureus invasion of MAC-T cells using an in vitro mastitis model

The mechanistic role of natural antimicrobials in preventing Staphylococcus aureus invasion of MAC-T cells using an in vitro mastitis model

Emerging Approaches for Mitigating Biofilm-Formation-Associated Infections in Farm, Wild, and Companion Animals

Staphylococcus haemolyticus: An updated review on nosocomial infections, antimicrobial resistance, virulence, genetic traits, and strategies for combating this emerging opportunistic pathogen

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