Knee Pain Amongst the Poor and Affluent in Pakistan

Gibson, T.; Hameed, Kamran; Kadir, Masood; Sultana, Samina; Fatima, Zainab; Syed, Asmir I.

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/35.2.146

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The strong relationship between knee pain and female gender is consistent with previous reports (2, 8, 20-22). In our study, women had significantly higher ORs for knee pain compared to men among subjects both with and without knee OA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Prevalence of Knee Pain and Its Influence on Quality of Life and Physical Function in the Korean Elderly Population: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

Kim

Seo

et al. 2011

J Korean Med Sci

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To investigate the prevalence of knee pain and its influence on physical function and quality of life (QOL), we examined 504 community residents of Chuncheon, aged ≥ 50 yr. Demographic information was obtained by questionnaire, and radiographic evaluations consisted of weight-bearing semi-flexed knee anteroposterior radiographs. Self-reported QOL and function were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index and Short Form 12 (SF-12). Performance-based lower extremity function was assessed using the tests consisting of standing balance, usual walk and chair stands. The prevalence of knee pain was 46.2% (32.2% in men and 58.0% in women) and increased with age in women. After adjustment of confounders including the presence of knee OA, the subjects with knee pain had significantly worse WOMAC function and SF-12 scores compared to subjects without knee pain. Among the subjects with knee pain, women had worse WOMAC and SF-12 scores than men. Subjects with knee pain had worse physical performance score compared to those without knee pain, especially among females. In conclusion, the prevalence of knee pain is high (32.2% in men and 58.0% in women) in this elderly community population in Korea. Independent of knee OA and other confounding factors, subjects with knee pain have more than 5-fold increase in the risk of belonging to the worst lower extremity function compared to subjects without knee pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Age as a risk factor for symptomatic knee OA has been recognized (19, 20). In this study, the prevalence of knee pain increased with age in women but not in men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Knee Pain and Its Influence on Quality of Life and Physical Function in the Korean Elderly Population: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

Kim

Seo

et al. 2011

J Korean Med Sci

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“…9 Gibson et al found similar levels of joint disease in Pakistan and in white European populations. 10 In the USA, levels of self reported arthritis have been found to vary little by ethnicity, 22 and musculoskeletal disability was similar in African-American and white populations. 23 A telephone study of acute back pain in North Carolina, USA, found a slightly lower prevalence in non-white subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Musculoskeletal pain is more generalised among people from ethnic minorities than among white people in Greater Manchester

Allison

2002

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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Objective: To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among the major ethnic minority populations of Greater Manchester. Method: The study group was a community sample of 2117 adults from the Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and African Caribbean communities. Questionnaires administered by post and by an interviewer were used to assess the presence of any musculoskeletal pain, pain in specific joints, and the level of physical function. Ethnicity was self assigned. The results were compared with those from a recent study in the local white population using the same methodology. Results: Overall response rate was 75% among the south Asian (Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi) community and 47% among the African Caribbean community. The profile of musculoskeletal pain among the ethnic minority groups differed from that in the white population. Although musculoskeletal symptoms were slightly more prevalent among people from ethnic minority groups than among the white population, pain in multiple sites was considerably more common among ethnic minorities. Conclusions: The finding that musculoskeletal pain is more widespread among ethnic minority communities in the UK has not previously been reported. This may reflect social, cultural, and psychological differences. The cause of the differences in the profile of pain and the health needs that follow need further investigation.

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“…14 15 Other risk factors that have been suggested include smoking (as a ''protective'' influence), 6 oestrogen-that is, oral contraception or replacement therapy (HRT) (here, the evidence is particularly inconsistent), 16 17 and factors that relate to social class. [18][19][20] It has been suggested that the greater prevalence of OAK among women might be related to the wearing of high heeled shoes, 21 22 although the evidence is limited. Wearing high heels has become increasingly common since the first world war, and any risk associated with such footwear should be quantified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of risk factors for symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee in women using a life course approach

Dawson

2003

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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Study objective: To explore risk factors for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OAK) in women, which included wearing high heeled shoes. Design: Matched case-control study. Exposure information obtained by interview, included details about past footwear. Self reported weight and height data obtained representing when women left school, were aged 36-40 and were aged 51-55. Regular work activities (including periods when homemaker or carer), smoking, and hormone related data gathered using a life-grid. Setting: Interviews in participants' homes. Cases identified from orthopaedic hospital surgical waiting list, controls identified by general practitioners (GPs) Participants: Women aged 50 to 70 years. Cases awaiting knee replacement surgery. Controls, who had no past knee surgery and no knee pain in the past three years, were matched for age and GP. Altogether 111 eligible women were interviewed (29 cases, 82 controls). Main results: Univariate analyses identified several significant associations with OAK including past knee injury, arthritis of the feet, heavy smoking, being overweight (BMI 25 or above) and various occupational activities. Virtually all measures of high heeled shoes use were associated with reduced risk of OAK, although none of these findings were statistically significant. In multivariate analysis only BMI 25 or above at age 36-40 remained significantly associated with OAK (OR 36.4, 95% CI 3.07 to 432, p = 0.004), although weak evidence suggested certain occupational activities might increase risk. Weight gain in early adult life was particularly pronounced among cases. Conclusions: Being overweight before the age of 40 considerably increased the risk of subsequent symptomatic OAK in women. Wearing high heeled shoes did not.A round 2.4% of people over 55 years are disabled by knee pain due to symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK).1 The prevalence of OAK increases with age, with a greater increase in women. By the age of 65 years, around twice as many women as men are affected. This gender difference suggests that women either carry a higher risk of OAK in itself, or that they experience greater exposure to risk factors.

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Knee Pain Amongst the Poor and Affluent in Pakistan

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Prevalence of Knee Pain and Its Influence on Quality of Life and Physical Function in the Korean Elderly Population: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence of Knee Pain and Its Influence on Quality of Life and Physical Function in the Korean Elderly Population: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

Musculoskeletal pain is more generalised among people from ethnic minorities than among white people in Greater Manchester

An investigation of risk factors for symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee in women using a life course approach

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