Knee osteoarthritis: a review of management options

Abstract

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a complex peripheral joint disorder with multiple risk factors. The molecular basis of osteoarthritis has been generally accepted; however, the exact pathogenesis is still not known. Management of patients with osteoarthritis involves a comprehensive history, thorough physical examination and appropriate radiological investigation. The relative slow progress in the disease allows a stepwise algorithmic approach in treatment. Non-surgical treatment involves patient education, lifestyle modification and the use of orthotic devises. These can be achieved in the community. Surgical options include joint sparing procedures such as arthroscopyando osteotomy or joint-replacing procedures. Joint-replacing procedures can be isolated to a single compartment such as patellofemoral arthroplasty or unicompartmental knee replacement or total knee arthroplasty. The key to a successful long-term outcome is optimal patient selection, preoperative counselling and good surgical technique.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…In the 2014 Osteoarthritis Research Society International guidelines for the management of knee OA, nonsurgical therapies included intraarticular corticosteroids, biomechanical interventions, exercise, education and self-management, weight management, and strength training [56]. Traditional surgical options included joint sparing procedures such as arthroscopic surgery or joint replacing procedures [57]. For treatment, nonsurgical therapy might have limited benefit and could be associated with serious adverse events such as bleeding or gastrointestinal ulcers caused by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and infection caused by intra-articular injection [58].…”

Effect of Acupotomy in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: Study Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…(5) Patients with other diseases that cause knee pain, such as tumors, knee joint tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, etc. ; (6) Patients who have taken oral corticosteroids or received intra-articular knee injection treatment within 1 month; or have participated in other clinical trials within 3 months;…”

“…Nonpharmacologic therapy has been used a lot in treating knee osteoarthritis [5] . For instence, Lifestyle adjustments, weight loss, and proper exercise are the rst line recommended methods [6] . However, patients with these treatments usually have poorer adherence [7] .…”

Effect of Physiotherapy on Pain and Recovery of Physical Function after Total Knee Arthroplasty: One Month Follow-up

“…Introduction ▼ Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee produces pain and affects physical function [1][2][3][4]. After failed conservative therapeutic approaches, the total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often become the primary treatment option [5]. The patients with TKA have to undergo a long period of rehabilita-Abstract ▼ Objective: To investigate the effect of physiotherapy on pain and recovery of physical function after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).…”