Knee muscle isometric strength, voluntary activation and antagonist co-contraction in the first six months after stroke

Newham, Di J.; Hsiao, Sheng-Huang

doi:10.1080/0963828001006656

Cited by 98 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Previous studies have investigated muscle strength on one occasion after stroke [6, 16], changes in strength over time [3, 5, 6, 17], muscle mass on one occasion after stroke [8] or changes in muscle mass over time [7]. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate changes in both muscle strength and muscle mass of both the ipsilateral and contralateral arms and legs after acute stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…ipsilateral) leg, but there was no difference between the non-paretic (i.e. ipsilateral) leg and control subjects [5]. By the twitch superimposition technique during MVCs of the quadriceps, bilateral voluntary activation failure was noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent evidence suggests that after acute stroke, the ipsilateral side is weaker than in control subjects [2,3,4,5] and that this weakness may start to develop after as little as 48 h after stroke onset [6]. If these findings can be confirmed in larger groups of patients, this would have implications for the management of patients, including the potential importance of early mobilisation and muscle strength training to prevent early muscle wasting and weakness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Changes in Muscle Strength and Mass after Acute Stroke

Carin-Levy¹,

Greig²,

Young³

et al. 2006

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: Reduced mobility after stroke may cause a loss of muscle mass which may, in theory, contribute to disability. We investigated longitudinal changes in muscle strength, lean cross-sectional area and muscle mass in all limbs after acute stroke. Methods: We recruited 17 patients within 72 h of hospital admission and measured (a) hand grip strength, (b) knee extensor strength and (c) arm and leg lean cross-sectional area on 6 occasions over 6 months. Appendicular and total muscle mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were measured at 3 weeks and 6 months. Results: There was no significant change over time in the strength, lean cross-sectional area and muscle mass of the arms or legs. We noted that muscle strength was substantially lower in all limbs compared with population norms. Conclusion: We found no evidence of a decline in muscle strength or mass in any limb after the stroke, which could have been attributed to reduced mobility. The observed muscle weakness in the ipsilateral side may have pre-dated the stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Changes in Muscle Strength and Mass after Acute Stroke

Carin-Levy¹,

Greig²,

Young³

et al. 2006

Cerebrovasc Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some factors thought to explain, at least in part, the inability of muscles to generate the appropriate forces following a stroke are an increase in stretch reflex excitability, [1][2][3] an increase in antagonist muscle coactivation [4][5][6][7][8] , a decrease in motor-unit firing rates, [9][10][11] and force deficits dependent on muscle length. 12,13 Considerable research has investigated neuroplasticity and the reorganization of neural pathways during recovery from stroke (for recent reviews, see 14,15 ), but less is known about muscular factors that influence hemiparesis or muscle weakness.…”

Section: Ré Sumémentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Influence Muscle Weakness Following Stroke and Their Clinical Implications: A Critical Review

Gray¹,

Rice

Garland

2012

Physiotherapy Canada

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Purpose : To provide a comprehensive review of changes that occur in the muscle after stroke and how these changes influence the force-generating capacity of the muscle. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase was conducted using the search terms stroke, hemiparesis, muscle structure, cross sectional area, atrophy, force, velocity, and torque. There were 27 articles included in this review. Results: Three changes occur in the muscle after stroke: a decrease in muscle mass, a decrease in fibre length, and a smaller pennation angle. In addition, the tendon is stretched and becomes more compliant. All of these factors reduce the affected muscle's ability to generate forces similar to controls or to non-paretic muscles. The result is a leftward shift in the length-tension curve, a downward shift in the torque-angle curve, and a downward shift in the force-velocity curve. Conclusion: Changes in muscle architecture contributing to weakness, such as muscle-fibre length, pennation angle, muscle atrophy, and tendon compliance, should be prevented or reversed by means of an appropriate rehabilitation programme.

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“…Research indicates that the postulated differential between the muscles of the lower limbs reaches 40 to 50 percent [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between muscle strength and functional walking capacity among people with stroke

Moriello¹,

Finch²,

Mayo³

2011

JRRD

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Abstract-The purpose of this study was to estimate, using the Position-Specific Global Index (PSGI) of Lower-Limb Muscle Strength, the extent to which muscle strength is independently associated with functional walking capacity. We performed an observational, cross-sectional study with 63 patients poststroke (onset between 3 and 12 months) at a major teaching hospital in an urban Canadian city. We assessed functional walking capacity with the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and muscle strength with handheld dynamometry. We established the relationship between the lower-limb muscles and functional walking capacity with the PSGI. The PSGI explained 70% (p < 0.001) of the variability in the 6MWT, whereas the index of alternate against-gravity muscle strength explained 39% and the hip flexors in a supine position explained 51%.

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Knee muscle isometric strength, voluntary activation and antagonist co-contraction in the first six months after stroke

Cited by 98 publications

References 33 publications

Longitudinal Changes in Muscle Strength and Mass after Acute Stroke

Longitudinal Changes in Muscle Strength and Mass after Acute Stroke

Factors That Influence Muscle Weakness Following Stroke and Their Clinical Implications: A Critical Review

Relationship between muscle strength and functional walking capacity among people with stroke

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