Knee Extension Strength Measures Indicating Probable Sarcopenia Is Associated with Health-Related Outcomes and a Strong Predictor of 1-Year Mortality in Patients Following Hip Fracture Surgery

Abstract

To examine if knee-extension strength (KES) measures indicating probable sarcopenia are associated with health-related outcomes and if KES and hand grip strength (HGS) measures are associated with 1-year mortality after hip fracture. Two groups of older patients with hip fracture had either HGS (n = 32) or KES (n = 150) assessed during their acute hospital stay. Cut-points for HGS (<27 kg for men and <16 kg for women), and cut-points for maximal isometric KES (non-fractured limb), being the lowest sex-specific quintile (<23.64 kg for men and <15.24 kg for women), were used to examine association with health-related outcomes and 1-year mortality. Overall, 1-year mortality was 12.6% in the two strength groups, of which 47% (HGS) and 46% (KES) respectively, were classified as probable sarcopenia. Probable sarcopenia patients (KES) had lower prefracture function, performed poorly in mobility measures and expressed a greater concern of falling compared to their stronger counterparts. Hazard ratio for 1-year mortality was 2.7 (95%CI = 0.49–14.7, p = 0.3) for HGS and 9.8 (95%CI = 2.2–43.0, p = 0.002) for KES for probable sarcopenia patients compared to those not. Sex-specific KES measures indicating sarcopenia is associated with health-related outcomes and a strong predictor of 1-year mortality after hip fracture.

The longitudinal association between possible new sarcopenia and the depression trajectory of individuals and their intimate partners

“…Clinicians are exempted from actively exploring potential causes, especially reversible ones, and providing appropriate personalized intervention countermeasures for older people with possible sarcopenia (Chen L. K. et al, 2020 ). Current studies have also suggested that possible sarcopenia is associated with decreased physical function (Kristensen et al, 2021 ; Lim and Kong, 2022 ) and increased risks of cognitive impairment (Maeda and Akagi, 2017 ; Cipolli et al, 2021 ), stroke (6), and 1-year mortality (Kristensen et al, 2021 ).…”

Feasibility and preliminary effect of anabolic steroids in addition to strength training and nutritional supplement in rehabilitation of patients with hip fracture: a randomized controlled pilot trial (HIP-SAP1 trial)

“…However, even the fitter hip fracture patients have strength deficits and potential for improving strength and function. In a recently published study, we found that almost half of hip fracture patients were classified as probable sarcopenic using cut-points for knee extension strength of the nonfractured leg and hand grip strength [49]. Furthermore, a study by Dyer et al [7] showed that among the fitter patients, only 40-44% recovered their prefracture mobility independence.…”

Physical activity in young hip fracture patients is associated with health-related quality of life and strength; results from a multicenter study

“…All patients were given a minimum of 3 trials (a 4th and 5th trial were given if the 3rd and 4th, respectively, exceeded the previous result) using the dominant hand. All values were documented in kilograms and the highest was used for analysis [18] .…”