Klimaanlagen mit erhöhter Energieeffizienz

Kemle, Andreas; Manski, Ralf; Weinbrenner, Marcus

doi:10.1007/bf03222103

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In contrast to the building, there is no legal regulation concerning the determination of the energy demand of the vehicle air-conditioning. Therefore, the economical and comfort-related factors of vehicles are not comparable [10]. For a reasonable energy consumption forecast of the air-conditioning system of a vehicle detailed, vehicle-specific information about the average driving profile, climatic boundary conditions and the driving behavior is required [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the economical and comfort-related factors of vehicles are not comparable [10]. For a reasonable energy consumption forecast of the air-conditioning system of a vehicle detailed, vehicle-specific information about the average driving profile, climatic boundary conditions and the driving behavior is required [10]. Based on an average outdoor climate/driving profile calculated on the base of the new European driving cycle (NEFZ), Kemle et al [10] calculated the additional average annual energy consumption of an air-conditioning system as 0.5 L/100 km.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a reasonable energy consumption forecast of the air-conditioning system of a vehicle detailed, vehicle-specific information about the average driving profile, climatic boundary conditions and the driving behavior is required [10]. Based on an average outdoor climate/driving profile calculated on the base of the new European driving cycle (NEFZ), Kemle et al [10] calculated the additional average annual energy consumption of an air-conditioning system as 0.5 L/100 km. This result is representative for systems that use convective heating for the conditioning of an entire vehicle cabin of cars with conventional combustion engines and ambient temperatures of 22 • C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of these approaches that combines highly efficient, decentralized climate actuators that act closely to the human body is investigated in [12][13][14][15]. Furthermore, it is of great importance on the way to an energy-efficient, demand-based air-conditioning system that the entire or partly substitution of existing central HVAC systems is accompanied by optimized control strategies that consider the balancing of energy consumption and thermal comfort [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personal Climatization Systems—A Review on Existing and Upcoming Concepts

et al. 2018

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To accomplish the current climate goals of the federal republic of Germany, energy efficiency within the building and automotive sector must improve considerably. One possible way to reduce the high amount of energy required for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) is the introduction of personal climatization systems in combination with the extension of the standardized room air temperature range. Personal systems allow improvements of climatic conditions (heating, cooling, and air quality) within sub-areas of the room instead of conditioning an entire room air volume. In this regard, personal systems are perfectly suitable for locations with local air-conditioning focal points, such as open-plan offices and vehicle cabins, where they substantially improve the energy efficiency of the entire system. This work aims to summarize previously conducted research in the area of personal climatization systems. The investigated local thermal actuators comprise fans for the generation of air movement, ventilators for the improvement of the air quality within the respiratory area of persons, water-conditioned panels for the climatization of persons via longwave radiation and conduction, radiant heaters, and combinations of the systems. Personal systems are superior to mixing ventilation regarding the improvement of the perceived air quality and thermal comfort. Furthermore, the introduced overview shows that personal climatization systems are generally more energy-efficient than conventional air-conditioning and facilitates the extension of the indoor air temperature corridor of the HVAC. Table fans and climatized seats are highly effective in connection with the improvement of personal thermal comfort. The performance of the overwhelming majority of applied personal environmental control systems is user-controlled or depends on a predefined load profile, which is generally defined person independent. Single studies reveal that effectively controlled automated systems have a similar thermal impact on a user’s thermal comfort as user-controlled ones. The implementation of an automated control system is feasible by using novel approaches such as the so-called human-centered closed loop control-platform (HCCLC-platform). The latter contains a central data server which allows asynchronous, bi-directional communication between multi-modal sensor data, user feedback systems, thermal actuators and numerical calculation models used to assess the individual thermal comfort of a person. This enables a continuous and holistic reflection of the thermal situation inside a room and the estimation of the corresponding impact on an individual’s thermal comfort. Considering the measured and simulated thermal state of a single person, the described system is capable of determining body-part-specific energy requirements that are needed to keep the overall thermal comfort level of an individual person on a high level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%