Klima und Wetter im Lebensraum des Menschen

Weickmann, Ludwig

doi:10.1007/bf01488831

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…One of the most comprehensive studies of cirrus clouds has been reported by Weickmann. 7 In this investigation, cirrus particles were collected on coated slides from an open aircraft at altitudes to 10,000 m. A typical cirrus particle might be a prism 200 , in length, 30 , wide, or equivalent to a 50-,g radius sphere, with an average particle concentration of 5 X 105 M 3 . Even for wavelengths of 12 A within the window, the large size of the cirrus crystals leads to a size parameter x = 27ra/X = 26.…”

Section: Sources Of Excess Sky Radiancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…No angular scattering characteristics for particles with a size parameter of twenty-six for the above range of complex indices seem to be available, although for the smaller size parameter x = 10 calculations have been performed for several complex indices in the range of interest noted above.' 6 The preceding paragraphs have indicated that although it is possible to construct a physical model of a cirrostratus cloud consisting of nearly monodisperse, 50-,4 radius ice spheres based on Weickmann's work, 7 the lack of accurate scattering diagrams does not allow a complete radiative transfer theory of cirrus cloud radiance to be calculated. Such a calculation is an exceedingly complex task, beyond the scope of this experiment study.…”

Section: Sources Of Excess Sky Radiancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One might at first conclude that the solar aureole in the ir would be undetectable because of the relatively low solar irradiance, and that thermal emission from the atmosphere would swamp any trace of it. However, since the average cirrus ice crystal has linear dimensions 2a of 100 u or greater, according to Weickmann, 7 the size parameter is x = 27ra/X = 26 at 12 4. This large size parameter can lead to a scattering diagram with forward scattering at small angles many orders of magnitude greater than back scattering. One might therefore hope to detect a thin cirrus-produced aureole by performing sky radiance measurements very close to the solar limb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Cirrus Clouds on 8–13-μ Infrared Sky Radiance

Hall¹

1968

Appl. Opt.

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An experimental investigation of ir sky radiance and radiance fluctuations in the 8-13-micro atmospheric window is reported. Measurements were made with ground-based, filtered bolometer detector radiometers under clear sky and cirrus overcast conditions. Sky radiance was measured very close to the limb of the sun to permit detection of the solar aureole caused by forward scattering by cirrus ice crystals. Polarized sky radiance was found at large zenith angles and is attributed to scattering by cirrus of thermal emission from the earth. The radiance due to tropospheric water vapor is predicted by means of a radiation chart. Measurements of clear sky radiance exceeded that predicted by the chart in all but one case. The radiance of visible cirrus greatly exceeds the radiation chart prediction. Diffraction about cirrus cloud particles leads to a prediction of a solar aureole of a size that corresponds to the measured aureole. It is concluded that even a cirrus haze, which is quite difficult for an unaided, observer to detect, can cause an excess zenith radiance of 0.1 mW cm(-2)sr(-1), which increases to twice this value at a zenith angle of 60 degrees . Even thin but visible cirrus clouds can easily produce an excess zenith radiance of 1 mW cm(-2)sr(-1), which increases by a factor 1.4 at a zenith angle of 60 degrees .

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Section: Sources Of Excess Sky Radiancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Excess Sky Radiancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Cirrus Clouds on 8–13-μ Infrared Sky Radiance

Hall¹

1968

Appl. Opt.

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“…, улучающее качество жизни. Танец интерпретируется как занятие, полностью захватывающее человека и являющееся вызовом для всех его интеллектуальных, эмоциональных и физических ресурсов, а потому более продуктивное, чем какой-либо из видов спорта[Bräuninger, 2006;Weickmann, 2012].Помимо общих антропологических достоинств самодеятельный танец имел в советском контексте еще одно преимущество перед всеми видами спорта, за исключением парного фигурного катания. Занятие танцем предоставляло молодым людям чуть ли не единственную возможность много и тесно, в том числе телесно, общаться с представителями противоположного пола.…”

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Folk Dance Ensemble «Samotsvety» as a Place of Memory of its (Former) Participants

Narsky

2023

Rules of the Game on a Voluntary Basis: Authorities and Voluntary Grassroots Organizations in the USSR, 1960s–1990s

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This article uses the example of the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant dance ensemble to examine the Union-wide process of appropriation of the state project by the leaders and participants of amateur art activities, which in turn aimed at de-nationalization of their leisure time. Using the concepts of the fl uid text and cultural memory, the Samotsvety amateur ensemble is considered as a site of memory for its participants. To this end, the forms and contents of affi rmative memories of the ensemble’s past victories and the memory strategies of the «losers,» whose names and merits do not appear in the offi cial texts, are examined in turn. The central thesis of the article is that both the «winners» and the «losers» in the narratives about the past of the «Samotsvety» were equally successful in «privatizing» the state project of artistic amateur dance.

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“…дисциплины -словом, улучающее качество жизни. Танец интерпретируется как занятие, полностью захватывающее человека и являющееся вызовом для всех его интеллектуальных, эмоциональных и физических ресурсов, а потому более продуктивное, чем какой-либо из видов спорта[Bräuninger, 2006;Weickmann, 2012].…”

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Rules of the game on a voluntary basis: Authorities and voluntary grassroots organizations in the USSR, 1960s–1990s

2023

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The publication is based on the reports and materials from the All-Russian scientific conference «Rules of the game on a voluntary basis: Authorities and voluntary grassroots organizations in the USSR, 1960s–1990s» (Perm, Perm State University, May 26, 2023). The authors critically examine the institutional aspects, normative foundations, and contradictions within the political economy of Soviet voluntary societies. Additionally, they analyze official rhetoric, informal communications, and the strategies employed by ordinary participants in these organizations and communities. The publication is intended for scholars in the humanities, university staff, researchers, and individuals with an interest in the history of late Soviet society.

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Klima und Wetter im Lebensraum des Menschen

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Cirrus Clouds on 8–13-μ Infrared Sky Radiance

The Effect of Cirrus Clouds on 8–13-μ Infrared Sky Radiance

Folk Dance Ensemble «Samotsvety» as a Place of Memory of its (Former) Participants

Rules of the game on a voluntary basis: Authorities and voluntary grassroots organizations in the USSR, 1960s–1990s

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