Kleine − Levin syndrome: An ayurvedic perspective

Mamidi, Prasad; Gupta, Kshama

doi:10.4103/ijaim.ijaim_22_22

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Chidra Kaalas could be considered as the precipitating factors for Bhutonmada. 1 Bhutonmada is characterized by abnormality across various domains such as energy levels, risk taking behavior, perception, memory, speech, evaluation of self and environment etc. Acharya Sushruta has described 8 types of Bhutonmada (Deva, Gandharva, Yaksha, Asura, Uraga, Pitru, Rakshasa, and Pishacha).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food cravings, disordered eating behaviour and alcohol abuse in Bhutonmadas - An exploratory review

Mamidi¹,

Gupta²

2023

JPCPY

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Various psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions are described under a broad disease entity called Unmada in Ayurvedic classical texts. Bhutonmada or Grahonmada is a specific type of Unmada that has multiple phenotypic clinical presentations. Bhutonmada is multifactorrial, heterogeneous, and idiopathic in nature. Different types of food cravings, abnormal eating behaviours and alcohol abuse related symptoms are mentioned in the literature of Bhutonamada. The present study is aimed to explore and analyze the clinical features of Bhutonmada related to food cravings, abnormal eating behaviours and alcohol abuse with the help of literature based on contemporary nutritional psychiatry. Abhipraayam, Ruchim, Priyam, Ratim, Sakta Drishtim and Yachinam are the various terms quoted in the context of Bhutonmada, represents variability of food cravings depend upon various factors such as intensity, frequency, quality, mood, inter-individual, and socio-cultural. Various abnormal or disordered eating behaviours such as hypophagia (Alpaahaara), hyperphagia (Bahvaashinam/Bahu Bhuk/ Bahusha Yachantam), emotional eating (Lolam), binge eating (Annapaana Ratim), strange eating habits (Bhramad Bhojinam) etc are mentioned in Bhutonmada literature. Appetite abnormalities such as Anannabhilasha, Arochaka, Na Kshuda, Kshudaatura etc manifests into either excessive (Bahvaashinam/ Bahu Bhuk) or low food consumption (Alpaahaara/Anna Dveshinam) are also described in the Bhutonmada context. Terms such as Abhiprayam, Ruchim, Priyam, Ratim and Sakta Drishtim pertaining to alcohol use/abuse in Bhutonmada could possess different contextual meanings. The present exploratory review will provide various new insights and better understanding of the terminology related to food cravings, eating disorders and alcohol use disorders in Bhutonmada and paves the way for the development of questionnaires and dietary or nutritional guidelines in the diagnostic and/or management protocols of Bhutonmada.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous works have compared Bhutonmadas or Grahonmadas' with various psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions. 1 Nutritional psychiatry is an emerging discipline that deals with the relationship between dietary patterns and mental health disorders. 2 Diet and nutrition have significant effects on mood and mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food cravings, disordered eating behaviour and alcohol abuse in Bhutonmadas - An exploratory review

Mamidi¹,

Gupta²

2023

JPCPY

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Grahonmada or Bhutonmada: Ayurvedic Psychiatric and Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Gupta,

Mamidi

2024

Journal of Integrated Health Sciences

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Bhutonmada or Grahonmada is a psychiatric illness explained in classical Ayurvedic texts. It is characterized by unknown or idiopathic manifestation. It is an underexplored entity in Ayurvedic psychiatry over the years with lack of scientific evidence. Bhutonmada is often misunderstood and surrounded by several myths and misconceptions such as “Bhutas or Grahas are demons and they afflict an individual and produce a psychiatric illness.” Despite the growing recognition of psychological health as a global concern, there remains a significant scarcity of research available on Bhutonmada/Grahonmada. The aim and objective of the present narrative review is to summarize and synthesize the existing research works on Bhutonmada/Grahonmada and also to evaluate the overall state of knowledge and practice on Grahonmada/Bhutonmada. Although Bhutonmada is considered an unknown or idiopathic entity, various predisposing (vulnerable personality traits), precipitating (Chidra Kalaas), and perpetuating factors (Pragnaparadha and Karma) are described in Ayurvedic texts. Bhutonmadas have a wide variety of clinical presentations and they represent various psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions. Bhutonmadas are not demonic possessions; rather, they do represent various psychiatric illnesses and further research is required in this direction.

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Kleine − Levin syndrome: An ayurvedic perspective

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Food cravings, disordered eating behaviour and alcohol abuse in Bhutonmadas - An exploratory review

Food cravings, disordered eating behaviour and alcohol abuse in Bhutonmadas - An exploratory review

Grahonmada or Bhutonmada: Ayurvedic Psychiatric and Neuropsychiatric Conditions

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